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1 accipiō
accipiō cēpī, ceptus, ere [ad+capio], to take without effort, receive, get, accept. — Of voluntary taking, to take, accept, take into possession, receive: obsides, Cs.: divitias, N.: aliquid a patre, inherit, N.: suspitio acceptae pecuniae ob rem iudicandam (of a bribe): pecuniam per Volcatium, by the hands of: alqm gremio, V.: milites urbe tectisve, L.: sucos ore aut volnere, O. — Fig.: oculis aut pectore noctem, V.—To admit, let in: armatos in arcem, L.: alqm in amicitiam: (parentes) in civitatem, to citizenship, L.— To take under protection: (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo, T.: taedā accepta iugali, i. e. wedded, O.—To receive as a guest, entertain, welcome: Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean, V.: quam Delos orantem accepit, O.: (eum) in vestram fidem, into your confidence.— Ironically, to entertain, deal with, treat: indignis modis, T.: quo te modo accepissem, nisi iratus essem: eum male acceptum... coegit, etc. (of a defeated enemy), N.—In busines, to collect (money): a praetore pecuniam. — acceptus, P., received, collected: accepta pecunia. — Esp. in the phrase, referre acceptum (alqd), to credit, give credit for: amplius sestertium ducentiens acceptum hereditatibus rettuli, entered to the credit of inheritance, i. e. owe to bequests: alcui vitam suam referre acceptam, acknowledge that he owes his life, etc.: salutem imperi uni omnes acceptam relaturos, Cs. — In law: sponsionem acceptam facere, to discharge the bond, acknowledge payment of the sponsio.—Of involuntary taking, to receive, get, be the recipient of, take, submit to, suffer, bear: volnera tergo, V.: graviore volnere accepto, Cs.: cum semel accepit solem (leo), has felt the power of, H.: hunc metum, i. e. take this risk, T.: contumeliam, T. — Esp. of places, to admit, take in, receive, open to: Strophadum me litora primum Accipiunt, V.: nullae eum urbes accipiunt, nulla moenia, L.: illum unda accipit sinu vasto, V. — Fig., of perception and thought: quae accepi auribus, T.: mandata auribus: quem ipse accepi oculis animoque sensum, hunc, etc., the impression I received.—In gen., to take, hear, attend to, perceive, understand, learn: Accipe nunc Danaum insidias, listen to, V.: sicut ego accepi, as I have heard, S.: ut accepi a senibus: accipite... veterem orationem Archytae: quae postea acciderant, Cs.: reliquos ne famā quidem acceperunt, have not heard of them, Cs.: si te aequo animo ferre accipiet, T.: hoc sic fieri solere accepimus: ex parente ita accepi, munditias mulieribus convenire, S.: ut celeriter acciperet quae tradebantur, understood, N.— Absol: non recte accipis, T.: volenti animo de ambobus acceperant, had eagerly welcomed news of both, S.—In partic., of a word or pledge, take: accipe daque fidem, i. e. exchange solemn assurances, V.—Praegn., to take, interpret, explain: ad contumeliam omnia, to regard as an insult, T.: his in maius acceptis, being exaggerated, L.: hoc in bonam partem, take kindly: alqd durius: facinus severe accipere, with displeasure: aliter tuom amorem atque est, T.: aequo animo, S. — Accipere aliquid in omen, to regard a thing as an omen, accept the omen: id a plerisque in omen magni terroris acceptum, L.; but accipere omen, to receive as a ( favorable) omen, L.—With ellips. of omen: Accipio, adgnoscoque deos, I accept ( the omen) and, etc., V.—To accept, be satisfied with, approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta. Pam. Accipio, T.: ‘equi te esse feri similem, dico.’ Ridemus et ipse Messius, ‘accipio,’ I allow it, exactly so, H.: ab hoste armato condicionem, Cs.— To take upon one, undertake, assume, undergo: bellum, quod novus imperator noster accipiat, in which... succeeds to the command: causam: eos (magistratūs): iudicium (of the defendant), stand the trial: iudicium accipere pro Quinctio, i. e. agree for Q. to stand trial.* * *accipere, accepi, acceptus V TRANStake, grasp, receive, accept, undertake; admit, let in, hear, learn; obey -
2 crēdō
crēdō didī, ditus, ere [CRAT- + 2 DA-], to give as a loan, lend, make a loan: pecunias creditas solvere: quibus pecuniam.—To commit, consign, intrust: alcuius fidei: mihi suom animum, T.: militi arma, L.: se suaque omnia alienissimis, Cs.: pennis se caelo, V.: te aequo Mecum solo, on fair ground, V.: arcana libris, H. — Poet.: non ita Creditum Poscis Quintilium deos, not on such terms intrusted to them, H.: In soles audent se germina Credere, V.—Fig., to trust, confide in, have confidence in: virtuti suorum, S.: suis militibus, L.: nimium colori, V.: aliis (fungis) male creditur, H.: campo, open fight, V. — To believe, give credence, trust: istuc tibi, T.: Chaereae iniurato: experto credite, quantus, etc., one who knows by experience, V.: ne cui de te plus quam tibi credas, H.: mihi crede, upon my word: certe credemur, ait, si, etc., O.: ora non credita, O.: (Cassandra) non credita Teucris, V.—To believe, hold true, admit: quid iam credas? T.: quis hoc credat? O.: ne quid de se, S.: nec sit mihi credere tantum! would I could discredit, V.: civitatem bellum facere ausam vix erat credendum, Cs.: inridet credentes, believers, O.: res credi non potest: arte Sinonis Credita res, V.: aut verus furor, aut creditus, O.—To be of opinion, think, believe, suppose, imagine: timeo ne aliud credam atque aliud nunties, T.: id quod volunt, Cs.: fortem crede, H.: se Suevorum caput, Ta.: pro certo creditur vacuam domum fecisse, S.: divinitate creditā Carmentae, L.: Crassum non ignarum fuisse, S.: caelo credidimus Iovem Regnare, H.: victos crederes, one might have imagined, L.: Crediderim, would fain believe, V.: in rem fore credens, expecting, S.: quem (Athin) peperisse Limnate creditur, O.: credi posset Latonia, be taken for, O.: Credo inpetrabo ut, etc., I suppose, T.: si te interfici iussero, credo, erit verendum, etc.: quod Pompeius, credo, non audebat, etc., Cs.: non enim, credo, id praecipit, ut, etc., I can't suppose he meant to teach, etc.* * *credere, credidi, creditus Vtrust, entrust; commit/consign; believe, trust in, rely on, confide; suppose; lend (money) to, make loans/give credit; believe/think/accept as true/be sure -
3 arbitror
arbĭtror ( act. arbitro, v. infra; arch. inf. arbitrarier, Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 21), ātus, 1, v. dep. [arbiter].I.In gen., to be a hearer or beholder of something (v. arbiter, I.), to observe, perceive, hear, etc. (in this sense only ante- and post-class.):II.dicta alicujus,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 24; id. Aul. 4, 1, 21; App. M. 10, p. 246, 16; 3, p. 138, 23; 7 init.:domus attiguae fortunas arbitraturus,
id. ib. 4, p. 148, 8.—Hence of the mind, to examine, consider, weigh:diligentius carmina Empedoclis,
Gell. 4, 11, 10.—Esp.A.T. t. of judic. lang. (cf. arbiter, II.), to make a decision, give judgment or sentence:B.si in eo, quod utroque praesente arbitratus est, arbitrio paritum non esset,
Dig. 4, 8, 44; 6, 1, 35.—Hence, fidem alicui arbitrari, to adjudge, i. e. to give, credit to one, to put faith in, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 41.—Of witnesses, as t. t., to testify, to declare or announce, give evidence:qui testimonium diceret, ut arbitrari se diceret, etiam quod ipse vidisset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 146: qui primum [p. 152] illud verbum consideratissimum nostrae consuetudinis arbitror, quo nos etiam tunc utimur, cum ea dicimus jurati, quae comperta habemus, quae ipsi vidimus, ex toto testimonio suo sustulit, atque omnia se scire dixit, id. Font. 9:mortuum inde arbitrari,
Liv. 3, 13, 3; 4, 40.—1.. In gen., to be of the opinion, to believe, consider as, = nomizô (most freq. in prose; a favorite word with Cic.): Bene facta male locata male facta arbitror, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62:2.gratum arbitratur esse id a vobis sibi,
Plaut. Am. prol. 48:nefas esse arbitrari Gracchos laudare,
Cic. Agr. 2, 10:Falsum arbitror radices arborum vetustate minui,
Plin. 16, 31, 56, § 130:Justum autem arbitror suscitarc vos,
Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 13:scelestissimum te arbitror,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 2:arbitraris me inimicum tuum,
Vulg. Job, 13, 24; ib. Philipp. 3, 8:si hoc minus ad officium tuum pertinere arbitrabere, suscipiam partes, quas alienas esse arbitrabar,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37:ut in ceteris artibus... similiter arbitror in hac ratione dicendi etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 16, 70; id. Quinct. 34; id. Verr. 2, 169; id. Clu. 17; id. Cat. 1, 17; id. Arch. 30; id. Deiot. 24; id. Mil. 21:tamen, ut arbitror, auctoritate advocatorum adducti in veritate manserunt,
id. Clu. 63; so id. Sex. Rosc. 82; id. Imp. Pomp. 58; id. Clu. 176:ut ego arbitror,
id. Sest. 16; id. Pis. 68:sicut arbitror,
id. Clu. 50:ego quod ad me attinet (itemque arbitror ceteros) idcirco taceo, quod, etc.,
id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 1:arbitratus id bellum celeriter confici posse,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Jugurtham esse arbitrati cum magno gaudio obvii procedunt,
thinking it to be Jugurtha, Sall. J. 69, 1:non satis tuta eadem loca sibi arbitratus,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 1; so id. Timoth. 3, 3 al.—To think, suppose, as opp. to knowing:► a.Arbitror: Certum non scimus,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 30:si hunc noris satis, Non ita arbitrere,
id. And. 5, 4, 12: De. Sanumne credis te esse? Mi. Equidem arbitror, id. Ad. 4, 7, 30:Quid consilii ceperis, quem nostrūm ignorare arbitraris?
Cic. Cat. 1, 1; id. Imp. Pomp. 31:arbitrantur se posse fugere,
Vulg. Esth. 16, 4; ib. Matt. 10, 34.Act. form arbĭtro, āre:b.te si arbitrarem dignum,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 57:Probiores credo arbitrabunt,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 87. —Arbitror in pass. signif.:continuo arbitretur (i. e. eligatur, quaeratur) uxor filio tuo,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 82:cum ipse praedonum socius arbitraretur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41; id. Mur. 16 fin.; id. Att. 1, 11; cf.Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. l. l.: quaestio in utramque partem a prudentibus viris arbitrata, i. e. judicata,
Gell. 1, 13:sumptus funeris arbitrantur pro facultatibus defuncti,
are estimated, Dig. 11, 7, 12; so ib. 4, 8, 27; 2, 15, 8: ex scriptis eorum, qui veri arbitrantur, hupolambanontai, Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P. -
4 ausculto
ausculto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. [perh. a union of two roots, that of audio, auris ausis, and of the Sanscr. çru = to hear; v. Bopp, Gloss. p. 396 b.], to hear any person or thing with attention, to listen to, give ear to, akroasthai (cf. audio init.; in the anteclass. per. freq., but not in Lucr.; in the class. per. rare).I.In gen.: Ita est cupidus orationis, ut conducat qui auscultet, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 9:II.ausculto atque animum adverto sedulo,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 40:In rem quod sit praevortaris quam re advorsā animo auscultes,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 8; id. Trin. 3, 3, 50; id. Truc. 2, 4, 46:nimis eum ausculto libens,
id. Poen. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 5, 22:Ausculta paucis, nisi molestumst,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 20; id. And. 3, 3, 4 and 5:jam scies: Ausculta,
id. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 7: illos ausculto lubens, Afran. ap Non. p. 246, 15: Nec populum auscultare, * Cat. 67, 39:sermonem,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 23:verba,
ib. Tob. 9, 1: aures diligenter auscultabunt, ib. Isa, 32, 3.—EspA.To listen to something believingly, to give credit to, etc.a.With acc.:b. B.crimina,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 12.—To listen in secret to something, to overhear:C.quid habeat sermonis, auscultabo,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 6:omnia ego istaec auscultavi ab ostio,
id. Merc. 2, 4, 9.—Of servants, to attend or wait at the door, as in Gr. hupakouein:D.ad fores auscultato atque serva has aedīs,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 1: jam dudum ausculto et cupiens tibi dicere servus Pauca, reformido, * Hor. S. 2, 7, 1 Heind.—Alicui or absol., to hear obediently, to obey, heed (cf. audio):► It is difficult to believe, in the verse of Afranius, videt ludos, hinc auscultavi procul, that auscultare is equivalent to videre, spectare, acc.hi auscultare dicuntur, qui auditis parent,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.:auscultare est obsequi: audire ignoti quod imperant soleo, non auscultare,
Non. p. 246, 9 sq.: magis audiendum quam auscultandum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131:Age nunc vincito me auscultato filio,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 14:Qui mi auscultabunt,
id. As. 1, 1, 50; id. Curc. 2, 1, 8; id. Most. 3, 1, 58; 3, 1, 99; id. Mil. 2, 6, 16; id. Ps. 1, 5, 38; id. Poen. 1, 1, 69; 1, 2, 98; id. Rud. 2, 6, 56; 3, 3, 32; id. Stich. 1, 2, 89:seni auscultare,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 4:vin tu homini stulto mi auscultare?
id. Heaut. 3, 3, 24; id. Ad. 3, 3, 66; 5, 8, 12: mihi ausculta: vide, ne tibi desis, * Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—With acc.: nisi me [p. 209] auscultas, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 36 (we should perhaps here, in accordance with the general idiom, read mi; so Ritschl).—In pass. impers.: De. Ad portum ne bitas, dico jam tibi. Ch. Auscultabitur, you shall be obeyed, it shall be done, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 127.to Non. p. 246, 16. -
5 adjuncta
I.Lit., of cattle, to yoke, to harness (cf.:II.jugo, jugum, jungo, etc.): adjunxere feras (preceded by bijugos agitare leones),
Lucr. 2, 604:tauros aratro,
Tib. 1, 9, 7:plostello mures,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 247:tigribus adjunctis aurea lora dabat,
Ov. A. A. 1, 552; so id. Am. 1, 1, 26; Gell. 20, 1.—Hence,Transf.A.Of persons or things, to join or add to. —With ad or dat.:B.ad probos te adjunxeris,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59;where the figure of yoking is closely adhered to (v. the connection): adjunge te ad currum,
Vulg. Act. 8, 29:socium quaerit, quem adjungat sibi,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 22:comitem T. Volturcium,
Cic. Cat. 3, 4:se comitem fugae,
id. Att. 9, 10, 2:ei proxime adjunctus frater fuit,
id. Brut. 28:viro se,
Verg. A. 8, 13:adjuncti sunt Paulo et Silae,
Vulg. Act. 17, 4:accessionem aedibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 39:ulmis vites,
Verg. G. 1, 2:classem lateri castrorum,
id. A. 9, 69; so esp. freq. of places, lying near, adjacent:huic fundo continentia quaedam praedia et adjuncta mercatur,
Cic. Caec. 4; Nep. Dion. 5; Curt. 8, 1; cf. id. 5, 4; Sil. 8, 642.— Trop.: ad malam aetatem adjungere cruciatum, Pac. ap. Non. 2, 1:imperium credat gravius esse, vi quod fit, quam illud quod amicitia adjungitur,
the command which is put upon him, given him, with kind feeling, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 42.—Hence, adjungere aliquem sibi, to bind to one's self, to enter into friendship with, to make one a friend:familiam colere, adjuvare, adjungere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 4; Cic. Mur. 19; so Q. Cic. Pet. 7; Nep. Alc. 5, 9; id. Eum. 2; so,agros populo Romano,
Cic. Agr. 1, 2:totam ad imperium pop. R. Ciliciam,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:urbem in societatem,
Liv. 37, 15: sibi aliquem beneficio, to lay one under obligation to one's self, to oblige:quem beneficio adjungas,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 47;also without beneficio: ut parentes propinquosque eorum adjungeret,
Tac. A. 3, 43.—Met. of mental objects, to apply to, to direct to (very freq. and class.):C.animum ad aliquod studium,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 29:fidem visis,
to give credit to, Cic. Ac. 1, 11; id. Div. 2, 55:huc animum ut adjungas tuum,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:diligentia vestra nobis adjungenda est,
Cic. Clu. 1:ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24:suspicionem potius ad praedam quam ad egestatem,
to direct suspicion rather to him who possesses the booty, than to him who lives in poverty, id. Rosc. Am. 31.—To add or join something to a thing as an accompaniment, to annex, to subjoin, to let follow or attend: audi atque auditis hostimentum adjungito, hear and let requital follow what is heard, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. redhostire, p. 270 Müll. (Trag. v. 154 Vahl.):D.huic voluptati hoc adjunctum est odium,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 34:istam juris scientiam eloquentiae tamquam ancillulam pedisequamque adjunxisti,
Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 236.— Hence of a new thought or circumstance, to add it to the preceding:quod cum dicerem, illud adjunxi: mihi tecum ita, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2:satis erit dictum, si hoc unum adjunxero,
Nep. Epam. 10:His adjungit, Hylan nautae quo fonte relictum Clamassent,
Verg. E. 6, 43 (v. addo, adjicio, etc.):ad ceteras summas utilitates, haec quoque opportunitas adjungatur, ut, etc.,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Adjuncto vero, ut iidem etiam prudentes haberentur,
id. Off. 2, 12.—Hence,In rhet.: adjuncta, n., collateral circumstances:A.loci argumentorum ex adjunctis repeti possunt, ut quaeratur, quid ante rem, quid cum re, quid postea evenerit,
Cic. Top. 12; so id. ib. 18; cf. consequens.—Hence, adjunctus, a, um, P. a.Joined, added to, or connected with a thing:B.quae propiora hujus causae et adjunctiora sunt,
Cic. Clu. 10:ventum ad veram et adjunctissimam quaestionem,
Arn. 7, p. 243.—Hence,adjuncta, ōrum, n., additional circumstances, adjuncts, things closely connected with, belonging or suitable to:semper in adjunctis aevoque morabimur aptis,
Hor. A. P. 178.— Adv. not used. -
6 adjunctus
I.Lit., of cattle, to yoke, to harness (cf.:II.jugo, jugum, jungo, etc.): adjunxere feras (preceded by bijugos agitare leones),
Lucr. 2, 604:tauros aratro,
Tib. 1, 9, 7:plostello mures,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 247:tigribus adjunctis aurea lora dabat,
Ov. A. A. 1, 552; so id. Am. 1, 1, 26; Gell. 20, 1.—Hence,Transf.A.Of persons or things, to join or add to. —With ad or dat.:B.ad probos te adjunxeris,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59;where the figure of yoking is closely adhered to (v. the connection): adjunge te ad currum,
Vulg. Act. 8, 29:socium quaerit, quem adjungat sibi,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 22:comitem T. Volturcium,
Cic. Cat. 3, 4:se comitem fugae,
id. Att. 9, 10, 2:ei proxime adjunctus frater fuit,
id. Brut. 28:viro se,
Verg. A. 8, 13:adjuncti sunt Paulo et Silae,
Vulg. Act. 17, 4:accessionem aedibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 39:ulmis vites,
Verg. G. 1, 2:classem lateri castrorum,
id. A. 9, 69; so esp. freq. of places, lying near, adjacent:huic fundo continentia quaedam praedia et adjuncta mercatur,
Cic. Caec. 4; Nep. Dion. 5; Curt. 8, 1; cf. id. 5, 4; Sil. 8, 642.— Trop.: ad malam aetatem adjungere cruciatum, Pac. ap. Non. 2, 1:imperium credat gravius esse, vi quod fit, quam illud quod amicitia adjungitur,
the command which is put upon him, given him, with kind feeling, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 42.—Hence, adjungere aliquem sibi, to bind to one's self, to enter into friendship with, to make one a friend:familiam colere, adjuvare, adjungere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 4; Cic. Mur. 19; so Q. Cic. Pet. 7; Nep. Alc. 5, 9; id. Eum. 2; so,agros populo Romano,
Cic. Agr. 1, 2:totam ad imperium pop. R. Ciliciam,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:urbem in societatem,
Liv. 37, 15: sibi aliquem beneficio, to lay one under obligation to one's self, to oblige:quem beneficio adjungas,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 47;also without beneficio: ut parentes propinquosque eorum adjungeret,
Tac. A. 3, 43.—Met. of mental objects, to apply to, to direct to (very freq. and class.):C.animum ad aliquod studium,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 29:fidem visis,
to give credit to, Cic. Ac. 1, 11; id. Div. 2, 55:huc animum ut adjungas tuum,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:diligentia vestra nobis adjungenda est,
Cic. Clu. 1:ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24:suspicionem potius ad praedam quam ad egestatem,
to direct suspicion rather to him who possesses the booty, than to him who lives in poverty, id. Rosc. Am. 31.—To add or join something to a thing as an accompaniment, to annex, to subjoin, to let follow or attend: audi atque auditis hostimentum adjungito, hear and let requital follow what is heard, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. redhostire, p. 270 Müll. (Trag. v. 154 Vahl.):D.huic voluptati hoc adjunctum est odium,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 34:istam juris scientiam eloquentiae tamquam ancillulam pedisequamque adjunxisti,
Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 236.— Hence of a new thought or circumstance, to add it to the preceding:quod cum dicerem, illud adjunxi: mihi tecum ita, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2:satis erit dictum, si hoc unum adjunxero,
Nep. Epam. 10:His adjungit, Hylan nautae quo fonte relictum Clamassent,
Verg. E. 6, 43 (v. addo, adjicio, etc.):ad ceteras summas utilitates, haec quoque opportunitas adjungatur, ut, etc.,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Adjuncto vero, ut iidem etiam prudentes haberentur,
id. Off. 2, 12.—Hence,In rhet.: adjuncta, n., collateral circumstances:A.loci argumentorum ex adjunctis repeti possunt, ut quaeratur, quid ante rem, quid cum re, quid postea evenerit,
Cic. Top. 12; so id. ib. 18; cf. consequens.—Hence, adjunctus, a, um, P. a.Joined, added to, or connected with a thing:B.quae propiora hujus causae et adjunctiora sunt,
Cic. Clu. 10:ventum ad veram et adjunctissimam quaestionem,
Arn. 7, p. 243.—Hence,adjuncta, ōrum, n., additional circumstances, adjuncts, things closely connected with, belonging or suitable to:semper in adjunctis aevoque morabimur aptis,
Hor. A. P. 178.— Adv. not used. -
7 adjungo
I.Lit., of cattle, to yoke, to harness (cf.:II.jugo, jugum, jungo, etc.): adjunxere feras (preceded by bijugos agitare leones),
Lucr. 2, 604:tauros aratro,
Tib. 1, 9, 7:plostello mures,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 247:tigribus adjunctis aurea lora dabat,
Ov. A. A. 1, 552; so id. Am. 1, 1, 26; Gell. 20, 1.—Hence,Transf.A.Of persons or things, to join or add to. —With ad or dat.:B.ad probos te adjunxeris,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59;where the figure of yoking is closely adhered to (v. the connection): adjunge te ad currum,
Vulg. Act. 8, 29:socium quaerit, quem adjungat sibi,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 22:comitem T. Volturcium,
Cic. Cat. 3, 4:se comitem fugae,
id. Att. 9, 10, 2:ei proxime adjunctus frater fuit,
id. Brut. 28:viro se,
Verg. A. 8, 13:adjuncti sunt Paulo et Silae,
Vulg. Act. 17, 4:accessionem aedibus,
Cic. Off. 1, 39:ulmis vites,
Verg. G. 1, 2:classem lateri castrorum,
id. A. 9, 69; so esp. freq. of places, lying near, adjacent:huic fundo continentia quaedam praedia et adjuncta mercatur,
Cic. Caec. 4; Nep. Dion. 5; Curt. 8, 1; cf. id. 5, 4; Sil. 8, 642.— Trop.: ad malam aetatem adjungere cruciatum, Pac. ap. Non. 2, 1:imperium credat gravius esse, vi quod fit, quam illud quod amicitia adjungitur,
the command which is put upon him, given him, with kind feeling, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 42.—Hence, adjungere aliquem sibi, to bind to one's self, to enter into friendship with, to make one a friend:familiam colere, adjuvare, adjungere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 4; Cic. Mur. 19; so Q. Cic. Pet. 7; Nep. Alc. 5, 9; id. Eum. 2; so,agros populo Romano,
Cic. Agr. 1, 2:totam ad imperium pop. R. Ciliciam,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:urbem in societatem,
Liv. 37, 15: sibi aliquem beneficio, to lay one under obligation to one's self, to oblige:quem beneficio adjungas,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 47;also without beneficio: ut parentes propinquosque eorum adjungeret,
Tac. A. 3, 43.—Met. of mental objects, to apply to, to direct to (very freq. and class.):C.animum ad aliquod studium,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 29:fidem visis,
to give credit to, Cic. Ac. 1, 11; id. Div. 2, 55:huc animum ut adjungas tuum,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 61:diligentia vestra nobis adjungenda est,
Cic. Clu. 1:ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24:suspicionem potius ad praedam quam ad egestatem,
to direct suspicion rather to him who possesses the booty, than to him who lives in poverty, id. Rosc. Am. 31.—To add or join something to a thing as an accompaniment, to annex, to subjoin, to let follow or attend: audi atque auditis hostimentum adjungito, hear and let requital follow what is heard, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. redhostire, p. 270 Müll. (Trag. v. 154 Vahl.):D.huic voluptati hoc adjunctum est odium,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 34:istam juris scientiam eloquentiae tamquam ancillulam pedisequamque adjunxisti,
Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 236.— Hence of a new thought or circumstance, to add it to the preceding:quod cum dicerem, illud adjunxi: mihi tecum ita, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2:satis erit dictum, si hoc unum adjunxero,
Nep. Epam. 10:His adjungit, Hylan nautae quo fonte relictum Clamassent,
Verg. E. 6, 43 (v. addo, adjicio, etc.):ad ceteras summas utilitates, haec quoque opportunitas adjungatur, ut, etc.,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Adjuncto vero, ut iidem etiam prudentes haberentur,
id. Off. 2, 12.—Hence,In rhet.: adjuncta, n., collateral circumstances:A.loci argumentorum ex adjunctis repeti possunt, ut quaeratur, quid ante rem, quid cum re, quid postea evenerit,
Cic. Top. 12; so id. ib. 18; cf. consequens.—Hence, adjunctus, a, um, P. a.Joined, added to, or connected with a thing:B.quae propiora hujus causae et adjunctiora sunt,
Cic. Clu. 10:ventum ad veram et adjunctissimam quaestionem,
Arn. 7, p. 243.—Hence,adjuncta, ōrum, n., additional circumstances, adjuncts, things closely connected with, belonging or suitable to:semper in adjunctis aevoque morabimur aptis,
Hor. A. P. 178.— Adv. not used. -
8 fides
1.fĭdes, ĕi ( gen. sing. scanned fĭdēï, Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 1, 1; Lucr. 5, 102.— Ante-class. and poet. form of the gen. fide, like die, facie, etc., Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 1; id. Poen. 4, 2, 68; Ov. M. 3, 341; 6, 506; 7, 728; 737; Hor. C. 3, 7, 4; cf. Prisc. p. 781 P.; Charis. p. 53 ib.; Ritschl, Proleg. p. 90.— Dat. fide, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 80; 91; 105; Enn. ap. Non. 112, 1, or Ann. v. 111 ed. Vahl.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 95), f. [fido], trust in a person or thing, faith, confidence, reliance, credence, belief (syn.: fidelitas, fiducia, confidentia).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.si sciat noster senex, fidem non esse huic habitam,
that he has not been trusted, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 52; cf.:fides ut habeatur, duabus rebus effici potest... iis fidem habemus, quos plus intelligere quam nos arbitramur... bonis viris ita fides habetur, ut nulla sit in iis fraudis injuriaeque suspicio... prudentia sine justitia nihil valeat ad faciendam fidem, etc.,
to give confidence, produce confidence, Cic. Off. 2, 9, 33; see in the foll.: neque pauci, neque leves sunt, qui se duo soles vidisse dicant;ut non tam fides non habenda, quam ratio quaerenda sit,
to give credence, id. Rep. 1, 10; cf.:quod si insanorum visis fides non est habenda, quia falsa sunt, cur credatur somniantium visis, etc.,
id. Div. 2, 59, 122:si ita posset defendere, tamen fides huic defensioni non haberetur,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 148:me miseram! forsitan hic mihi parvam habeat fidem,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 117; cf.:cum jam minor fabulis haberetur fides,
Cic. Rep. 2, 10:(fidem) majorem tibi habui quam paene ipsi mihi,
id. Fam. 5, 20, 2; cf. id. ib. 7, 18, 1:ex aliis ei maximam fidem habebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 41, 4:cui maximam fidem suarum rerum habeat,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131; cf.:cui summam omnium rerum fidem habebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 19, 3:fidem commenticiis rebus adjungere,
Cic. Div. 2, 55, 113:testimonio fidem tribuere,
id. Sull. 3, 10; cf.:Cratippus iisdem rebus fidem tribuit,
id. Div. 1, 3, 5:et auctoritatem orationi affert et fidem,
id. Or. 34, 120:si tota oratio nostra omnem sibi fidem sensibus confirmat,
id. Fin. 1, 21, 71:constituere fidem,
id. Part. Or. 9, 31: fidem facit oratio, awakens or produces belief, id. Brut. 50, 187; cf.:quoniam auribus vestris... minorem fidem faceret oratio mea,
id. Cat. 3, 2, 4:aliquamdiu fides fieri non poterat,
Caes. B. C. 2, 37, 1;so with dare (rare): res ipsa fidem sermoni meo dabit,
App. M. 4, p. 146, 25:Hercules cui ea res immortalitatis fidem dedit,
assured of, Just. 24, 4, 4; Plin. Pan. 74, 3.—With object-clauses:fac fidem, te nihil nisi populi utilitatem et fructum quaerere,
evince, show, Cic. Agr. 2, 8, 22: tibi fidem faciemus, nos ea suadere, quae, etc., will convince, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 8, A. fin.:mihi fides apud hunc est, nihil me istius facturum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 10; cf.:cum vix fides esset, rem ullo modo successuram,
Suet. Vesp. 7:male fidem servando illis quoque abrogant fidem,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 41:quorum rebus gestis, fidem et auctoritatem in testimonio inimicitiarum suspicio derogavit,
Cic. Font. 7, 13; cf.:alicui abrogare fidem juris jurandi,
id. Rosc. Com. 15, 44; and:omnibus abrogatur fides,
id. Ac. 2, 11, 36:quae res fidem abrogat orationi,
Auct. Her. 1, 10, 17:imminuit et oratoris auctoritatem et orationis fidem,
Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 156:multa fidem promissa levant,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 10: fidem addere, to give credence (opp. fidem demere):ex ingenio suo quisque demat vel addat fidem,
Tac. G. 3 fin. —In partic., in mercant. lang., credit:2.cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior, neque creditae pecuniae solverentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 2; cf.:scimus, Romae solutione impedita fidem concidisse,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:fides de foro sublata erat,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:labefacta jam fide,
credit being impaired, Suet. Vesp. 4:pecunia suā aut amicorum fide sumpta mutua,
Sall. C. 24, 2:non contentus agrariis legibus fidem moliri coepit,
Liv. 6, 11, 8; cf.:fidem abrogare,
id. 6, 41, 11:fidemque remque, perdere,
credit and means, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 36; cf.:res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,
Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10:nisi fide staret res publica, opibus non staturam,
Liv. 23, 48, 9 Drak.; freq.: res fidesque, for fame and fortune, property and credit, i. e. entire resources, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 18; id. Truc. 1, 1, 24; 38; id. Most. 1, 2, 64; Sall. J. 73, 6 Cort.—Beyond the mercant. sphere ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):II.segetis certa fides meae,
i. e. return, yield, Hor. C. 3, 16, 30:at tibi... Persolvat nullā semina certa fide,
Tib. 2, 3, 62:fallax fides unius anni,
Plin. Pan. 32, 4:quia hanc ejus terrae fidem Menander eludit,
Quint. 12, 10, 25.Transf., that which produces confidence or belief.A.The quality that produces confidence in a person, trustworthiness, faithfulness, conscientiousness, credibility, honesty; in things, credibility, truth, etc.1.In gen. (erroneously regarded by Cicero as the primary signif. of the word; wherefore he derived it from fio; v. the foll. passages):b.fundamentum justitiae est fides, id est dictorum conventorumque constantia et veritas. Ex quo, audeamus imitari Stoicos, credamusque, quia fiat, quod dictum est, appellatam fidem,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23 Beier; cf. id. Fragm. ap. Non. 24, 17 (Rep. 4, 7, p. 428 ed. Mos.); id. Fam. 16, 10 fin.:justitia creditis in rebus fides nominatur,
id. Part. Or. 22, 78:meo periculo hujus ego experiar fidem,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 99; cf.:fides fidelitasque amicum erga,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 2:homo antiqua virtute ac fide,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 88; cf.:exemplum antiquae probitatis et fidei,
Cic. Rep. 3, 5:esse summa probitate ac fide,
id. ib. 3, 17:vir aequissimus, singulari fide,
id. ib. 3, 17:quorum fides est laudata,
id. ib. 2, 36:quibus facillime justitia et fides convalescit,
id. ib. 2, 14:unde justitia, fides, aequitas?
id. ib. 1, 2:cujus virtuti, fidei, felicitati (Gallia) commendata est,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:aequitas et fides,
id. Rep. 1, 35; cf.:si pudor quaeritur, si probitas, si fides,
id. ib. 3, 18 fin.:quanta fide, quanta religione,
id. Font. 6, 13:hinc fides, illinc fraudatio,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25: ille vir haud magna cum re sed plenu' fidei, Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 342 ed. Vahl.): ubi societas? ubi fides majorum? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: nulla sancta societas, nec fides regni est, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 8, 26 (Trag. v. 412 ed. Vahl.):mea eraga te fides et benevolentia,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 1:pro vetere ac perpetua erga populum Romanum fide,
Caes. B. G. 5, 54, 4:in fide atque amicitia civitatis Aeduae,
id. ib. 2, 14, 2:in fide manere,
id. ib. 7, 4, 5; cf.:sincera fide in pace Ligures esse,
Liv. 40, 34, 11:si tibi optima fide sua omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:praestare fidem,
id. Div. 2, 37, 79; id. Top. 10, 42; id. Att. 16, 7, 2; id. Fam. 1, 7, 6:te oro per tuam fidem, ne, etc.,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 55: Eu. Dic bona fide: tu id aurum non surripuisti? Ly. Bona. Eu. Neque scis, quis abstulerit? Ly. Istuc quoque bona, Plaut. Mil. 4, 10, 42:de pace cum fide agere,
Liv. 32, 33, 10:jussas cum fide poenas luam,
Hor. Epod. 17, 37:haecne marita fides?
Prop. 4 (5), 3, 11:Aeacidae dederat pacis pignusque fidemque,
faithful bail, Ov. M. 12, 365:perjura patris fides,
perjured faith, dishonesty, Hor. C. 3, 24, 59 et saep.—Prov.:fides ut anima, unde abiit, eo numquam redit,
Pub. Syr. 181 (Rib.):fidem qui perdit, quo se servet relicuo,
id. 166.—Of inanim. and abstr. things:c.nam cum Gabinii levitas... omnem tabularum fidem resignasset, etc.,
trustworthiness, credibility, Cic. Arch. 5, 9; cf.:nunc vero quam habere auctoritatem et quam fidem possunt (litterae)?
id. Fl. 9, 21; and:visa, quae fidem nullam habebunt,
id. Ac. 2, 18, 58 fin.; and:qui non speciem expositionis sed fidem quaerit,
truth, Quint. 10, 1, 32:aliter oraculorum, aliter haruspicum fides confirmari aut refelli potest,
id. 5, 7, 36:probationum,
id. 4 praef. §6: liber spectatae fidei,
Gell. 1, 7, 1:paulum distare ab eo (lapide) in unguentorum fide multi existimant Lygdinos, etc.,
in faithful preservation, keeping in good condition, Plin. 36, 8, 13, § 62.—In poets several times, faithful, true fulfilment of a promise:2.dicta fides sequitur,
Ov. M. 3, 527 (cf.:res dicta secuta est,
id. ib. 4, 550):vota fides sequitur,
id. ib. 8, 713:promissa exhibuere fidem,
were fulfilled, id. ib. 7, 323; cf.:en haec promissa fides est?
is this the fulfilment of the oracle? Verg. A. 6, 346.—In partic., in jurid. lang., bona fides, good faith, sincerity; hence, EX FIDE BONA or BONA FIDE, in good faith, sincerely, honestly, conscientiously:B. 1.arbitrum illum adegit, QVICQVID SIBI DARE FACERE OPORTERET EX FIDE BONA,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66; cf.: quanti verba illa: VTI NE PROPTER TE FIDEMVE TVAM CAPTVS FRAVDATVSVE SIEM, etc.... Q. quidem Scaevola, pontifex maximus, summam vim esse dicebat in omnibus iis arbitriis, in quibus adderetur EX FIDE BONA;fideique bonae, nomen existimabat manare latissime, idque versari in tutelis societatibus, fiduciis mandatis, rebus emptis venditis, conductis locatis, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 17, 70; id. Att. 6, 1, 15: praetor ait: QVI [p. 747] BONA FIDE EMIT, etc., Dig. 6, 2, 7, § 11 sq.; cf.:bonae fidei emptori subrepta re quam emerit,
Just. Inst. 4, 1, 15:ubi lex inhibet usucapionem, bona fides possidenti nihil prodest,
Dig. 41, 3, 24:tot judicia de fide mala, quae ex empto aut vendito aut conducto aut locato contra fidem fiunt, etc.,
i. e. deception, dishonesty, Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74:bonā fide = certissime,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 30; id. Aul. 4, 10, 42; id. Capt. 4, 2, 110; cf.:mala fide,
Dig. 41, 2, 1, § 6.—In gen.:2.fide data, credamus,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 61: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.):atque etiam, si quid singuli temporibus adducti hosti promiserunt, est in eo ipso fides conservanda: ut primo Punico bello Regulus... ad supplicium redire maluit, quam fidem hosti datam fallere,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; cf. id. Fin. 2, 20, 65:fidem dare, violare, in fide non stare,
id. Rab. Perd. 10, 28:Pompei fides, quam de me Caesari dederat,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 12:inter se fidem et jusjurandum dare,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:obligare fidem alicui,
to plight one's faith, Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51; cf.:fidem reliquis interponere,
Caes. B. G. 5, 6 fin.:fide mea spondeo, futurum ut, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 10:diffidens, de numero dierum Caesarem fidem servaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 36, 1:si fidem mecum servas,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 48:tecum servavi fidem,
id. Capt. 5, 1, 10; id. Merc. 3, 1, 33:fides juris jurandi cum hoste servanda,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107:fidem erga imperatorem conservare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 84, 3:fidem erga populum Romanum servare,
Liv. 24, 4, 5:servata erga Galbam,
Tac. H. 1, 71:in regem suum servata,
Curt. 6, 5, 2:ut fidem vobis praestaremus,
Liv. 28, 39, 2; so,fidem alicui praestare,
Curt. 6, 4, 9; Liv. 30, 15, 5; Sen. Ben. 5, 21, 1:non servata fides deditis est,
Liv. 24, 1, 10; cf. Cic. de Sen. 20, 75; Sen. Ep. 71, 17:fidem suam liberare,
to perform his promise, Cic. Fl. 20, 47; cf.:fidem alicujus liberare,
id. Fam. 12, 7, 2: so,fidem exsolvere,
Liv. 3, 19, 1; 22, 23, 8; 24, 16, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 6; Luc. 9, 98 al.:fidem frangere,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 16;for which violare, v. above,
id. Rab. Perd. 10, 28:fidem amittere,
Nep. Eum. 10:istius fide ac potius perfidiā decepti,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110: quantum mea fides studii mihi afferat, my plighted word (to defend the king), id. Deiot. 1, 1:contioni deinde edicto addidit fidem,
confirmed, Liv. 2, 24, 6.—Pregn., a given promise of protection or security, a guaranty; hence, in gen., protection, guardian care:C.introduxi Vulturcium sine Gallis: fidem ei publicam jussu senatus dedi,
promised him protection, security, in the name of the public, Cic. Cat. 3, 4, 8; cf.: Vulturcius interrogatus... primo fingere alia;post, ubi fide publica dicere jussus est, omnia uti gesta erant aperit,
Sall. C. 47, 1:cum se diceret indicaturum de conjuratione, si fides publica data esset,
id. ib. 48, 4:uti L. Cassius ad Jugurtham mitteretur, eumque interposita fide publica Romam duceret,
id. J. 32, 1; cf.:privatim praeterea fidem suam interponit, quam ille non minoris quam publicam ducebat,
id. ib. fin.:qui Romam fide publica venerat,
id. ib. 35, 7; so,too, simply fides: Lusitani contra interpositam fidem interfecti,
Cic. Brut. 23, 89:fide accepta ab legatis, vim abfuturam,
Liv. 38, 33, 3:Thais patri se commendavit in clientelam et fidem,
Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 9; cf.:se in Chrysogoni fidem et clientelam contulerunt,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 106:quaere in cujus fide sint et clientela,
id. ib. 33, 93:aliquid in fidem alicujus tradere,
Liv. 38, 31, 2:frugi hominem, plenum religionis videtis positum in vestra fide ac potestate: atque ita, ut commissus sit fidei, permissus potestati,
Cic. Font. 14, 30; cf.:se suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem populi Romani permittere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 2:in alicujus fidem ac potestatem venire,
id. ib. 2, 13, 2:in fide alicujus esse,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97; cf. id. Fam. 13, 65, 2:ea (jura) fidei suae commissa,
id. Off. 1, 34, 124:civitas in Catonis fide locata,
id. Att. 6, 1, 5:recipere aliquid in fidem,
id. ib. 15, 14, 3; cf.:aliquem in fidem necessitudinemque suam recipere,
id. Fam. 13, 19, 2:recipere aliquem in fidem,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15, 1; 4, 22, 3:hortatur, ut populi Romani fidem sequantur,
id. ib. 4, 21, 8: jura fidemque supplicis erubuit (Achilles), the protection due to a suppliant, Verg. A. 2, 541:di, obsecro vostram fidem!
your protection, assistance, help, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 11; id. Am. 5, 1, 78; id. Most. 1, 1, 74; 2, 2, 97; cf.:fidem vestram oro atque obsecro, judices,
Cic. Mur. 40, 86:deum atque hominum fidem implorabis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 25;so in colloq. lang. frequently elliptic. as an exclamation: Di vostram fidem!
by the protection of the gods! for heaven's sake! Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 58, id. Men. 5, 2, 119; id. Poen. 4, 78 al.; Ter. And. 4, 3, 1; 4, 4, 5; id. Eun. 3, 1, 28 al.; cf.:tuam fidem, Venus!
Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 40:pro deum atque hominum fidem!
id. ib. 5, 3, 16; id. Ep. 4, 2, 10; Ter. And. 1. 5, 2; 1, 5, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9 al.; Sall. C. 20, 10 al.;for which: pro deorum atque hominum fidem!
Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 48;and in a different order: pro deorum fidem atque hominum,
id. Lael. 15, 52;also simply pro deum fidem,
Liv. 3, 67, 7 Drak. N. cr.; and:per fidem!
Petr. 100, 5; Tac. Or. 35; App. M. 6, p. 175.—The faith, the Christian religion as a system of belief (eccl. Lat.):III.domicilium fidei,
Lact. 4, 30 fin.; Vulg. Apoc. 14, 12 al.Fides, personified as a goddess:2. I.praeclare Ennius: O Fides alma, apta pinnis, et jus jurandum Jovis! Qui jus igitur jurandum violat, is Fidem violat,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104 (Enn. Trag. v. 410 ed. Vahl.); cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 74 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; 2, 23, 61; 31, 79; id. Leg. 2, 8, 19; 11, 28; Plaut. Cas. prol. 2; id. Aul. 3, 6, 46; 50; 4, 2, 14; Verg. A. 1, 292; Hor. C. 1, 35, 21; 4, 5, 20; id. C. S. 57.Lit.A.In gen.(α).In plur. (only so in classic prose): Fides genus citharae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 89, 16 Müll.:(β).(hominis) omnis vultus omnesque voces, ut nervi in fidibus, ita sonant, ut a motu animi quoque sunt pulsae,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216;so different from nervi,
id. Div. 2, 14, 33; id. Leg. 2, 15, 39; id. Brut. 54, 199; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75 (v. Madv. ad h. l., p. 601 sq.):ut in fidibus aut tibiis, atque in cantu ipso ac vocibus concentus est quidam tenendus ex distinctis sonis, etc.,
id. Rep. 2, 42; id. Fin. 4, 27, 75; cf. id. de Or. 3, 51, 197: Fi. Fides non reddis? Pe. Neque fides neque tibias, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 77;with tibiae,
Quint. 1, 10, 14; 20; 11, 3, 59:Orpheus, Threïciā fretus citharā fidibusque canoris,
Verg. A. 6, 120:fidibus cantare alicui,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 64:fidibus canere praeclare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 2, 4; id. Div. 2, 59, 122:uti,
id. Tusc. 5, 39, 113:dicere longum melos,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 4:placare deos,
id. ib. 1, 36, 1:discere,
Cic. de Sen. 8, 26:docere aliquem,
id. Fam. 9, 22, 3:scire,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 53:vivunt commissi calores Aeoliae fidibus puellae,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 12:fidibusne Latinis Thebanos aptare modos studet,
i. e. to imitate Pindaric odes in Latin poetry, id. Ep. 1, 3, 12.—Sing. ( poet.):2.sume fidem et pharetram: fies manifestus Apollo,
Ov. H. 15, 23; so,Teïa,
Hor. C. 1, 17, 18:Cyllenea,
id. Epod. 13, 9:quodsi blandius Orpheo moderere fidem,
id. C. 1, 24, 14.—Prov.: vetus adagium est: Nihil cum fidibus graculo, i. e. ignoramuses have nothing to do with poetry, Gell. N. A. praef. § 19.—B.Esp., Fides, is, f., a constellation, i. q. Lyra, the Lyre:* II.cedit clara Fides Cyllenia,
Cic. Arat. 381; Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12;in the form Fidis,
Col. 11, 2, 14; 40; Sid. Carm. 16, 5.—Transf., in sing., i. q. nervus, chorda, a string of a musical instrument:quae tuba quaeve lyra Flatibus incluta vel fidibus,
Prud. Cath. 3, 81. -
9 credo
crēdo, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3 ( pres. subj. creduam, Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 2:I.creduas,
id. Bacch. 3, 3, 72; id. Trin. 3, 1, 5:creduat,
id. Bacch. 3, 4, 5; 4, 7, 6:creduis,
id. Am. 2, 2, 49; id. Capt. 3, 4, 73:creduit,
id. Truc. 2, 2, 52; inf. credier, id. Poen. 2, 43;crevi for credidi,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 1), v. a. [Sanscr. crat, crad, trust, and dha-; v. 2. do].Orig. belonging to the lang. of business, to give as a loan, to loan, lend, make or loan to any one: (vilicus) injussu domini credat nemini;B.quod dominus crediderit, exigat,
Cato, R. R. 5, 4:quibus credas male,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 20; cf.populis,
Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4:alicui grandem pecuniam,
id. ib. 2, 4; so,pecunias ei,
id. Fam. 1, 7, 6; and:pecuniae creditae,
id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:centum talenta,
Quint. 5, 10, 111:solutio rerum creditarum,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84 et saep.—Hence,crēdĭtum, i, n., a loan, Sall. C. 25, 4; Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 27, 3; 8, 28, 3; Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1; Quint. 5, 10, 105; 5, 10, 117; Dig. 12, 1, 19 sq. et saep.—II.Transf. beyond the circle of business (very freq. in every period and species of composition).A.With the prevailing idea of intended protection, to commit or consign something to one for preservation, protection, etc., to intrust to one, = committo, commendo (cf. concredo):B.ubi is obiit mortem, qui mihi id aurum credidit,
Plaut. Aul. prol. 15 (credere est servandum commendare, Non. p. 275, 9); so,nummum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 112 (for which id. ib. 4, 2, 115, concredere):alicujus fidei potestatique (with committere),
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9, § 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 4, § 14: vitam ac fortunas meas, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 275, 8; cf. Ter. And. 1, 5, 37:militi arma,
Liv. 2, 45, 10:se suaque omnia alienissimis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31:se ponto,
Ov. M. 14, 222:se perfidis hostibus,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 33:se ventis,
Quint. 12, prooem. §2: pennis se caelo,
Verg. A. 6, 15; cf. Ov. M. 2, 378:se pugnae,
Verg. A. 5, 383 et saep.:crede audacter quid lubet,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 118:facinus magnum timido pectori,
id. Ps. 2, 1, 3:illi consilia omnia,
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 18:arcanos sensus tibi,
Verg. A. 4, 422; cf.:arcana libris,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 31:aliquid cerae,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 67.— Poet., with in and acc.:inque novos soles audent se germina tuto Credere,
Verg. G. 2, 333.—With the prevailing idea of bestowing confidence, to trust to or confide in a person or thing, to have confidence in, to trust.1.With dat.:2.virtuti suorum satis credere,
Sall. J. 106, 3; cf. id. ib. 72, 2:praesenti fortunae,
Liv. 45, 8, 6:consules magis non confidere quam non credere suis militibus,
rather mistrusted their intentions than their valor, id. 2, 45, 4:nec jam amplius hastae,
Verg. A. 11, 808:ne nimium colori,
id. E. 2, 17:bibulis talaribus,
Ov. M. 4, 731.—Freq. in eccl. Lat.:Moysi et mihi,
Vulg. Johan. 5, 46:verbis meis,
id. Luc. 1, 20.—Esp., with in and acc. of pers., to believe in, trust in (eccl. Lat.):C.hoc est ergo credere in Deum, credendo adhaerere ad bene coöperandum bona operanti Deo,
Aug. Enarr. in Psa. 77, 8:qui fidem habet sine spe ac dilectione, Christum esse credit, non in Christum credit,
id. Serm. 144, 2:qui credit in Filium habet vitam aeternam,
Vulg. Johan. 3, 36 et saep.—To trust one in his declarations, assertions, etc., i. e. to give him credence, to believe:b.injurato, scio, plus credet mihi, quam jurato tibi,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 284 sq.:vin' me istuc tibi, etsi incredibile'st, credere?
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 11:credit jam tibi de isto,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 53:cui omnium rerum ipsus semper credit,
in every thing, id. As. 2, 4, 59; cf. id. Truc. 2, 2, 52:diu deliberandum et concoquendum est, utrum potius Chaereae injurato in suā lite, an Manilio et Luscio juratis in alieno judicio credatis,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45.—Mihi crede, beliere me, confide in my words, upon my word, emoi pithou, an expression of confirmation, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 4; Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 6; id. Mur. 19, 40; 38, 82; id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; id. Off. 3, 19, 75; id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75; 1, 43, 103; id. Fin. 2, 21, 68 et saep.; Hor. S. 1, 7, 35; 2, 6, 93 al.; cf.: mihi credite, Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; id. Agr. 3, 4, 16; Liv. 24, 22, 17; Ov. M. 15, 254 al.—In the same sense (but more rare in Cic.):c.crede mihi,
Cic. Att. 6, 6, 1; 14, 15, 2; 11, 6, 1; id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 133; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4; Ov. A. A. 1, 66; id. M. 1, 361; id. Tr. 3, 4, 25:crede igitur mihi,
Cic. Fam. 10, 6, 2:credite mihi,
Curt. 6, 11, 25.—Credor in poets several times equivalent to creditur mihi:d.certe credemur, ait, si verba sequatur Exitus,
Ov. F. 3, 351; so id. Tr. 3, 10, 35:creditus accepit cantatas protinus herbas, etc.,
id. M. 7, 98; so in part., id. H. 17, 129; cf.:(Cassandra) non umquam credita Teucris,
Verg. A. 2, 247.—Sibi, to believe one's self, trust one's own convictions, be fully convinced:2.cum multa dicta sunt sapienter et graviter, tum vel in primis, crede nobis, crede tibi,
Plin. Pan. 74:fieri malunt alieni erroris accessio, quam sibi credere,
Min. Fel. 24, 2: non satis sibi ipsi credebant, Auct. B. Alex. 6:—With simple reference to the object mentioned or asserted, to believe a thing, hold or admit as true: velim te id quod verum est credere, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 275, 6; cf.: credo et verum est, Afer ap. Quint. 6, 3, 94:b.me miseram! quid jam credas? aut cur credas?
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 32:quod fere libenter homines id quod volunt credunt,
Caes. B. G. 3, 18; cf. Quint. 6, 2, 5:audivi ista... sed numquam sum addictus ut crederem,
Cic. Brut. 26, 100:ne quid de se temere crederent,
Sall. C. 31, 7:res Difficilis ad credundum,
Lucr. 2, 1027; cf. Caes. B. G. 5, 28 et saep.— Pass.:res tam scelesta... credi non potest,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.— Pass. impers.:in quo scelere, etiam cum multae causae convenisse unum in locum atque inter se congruere videntur, tamen non temere creditur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62.—In gen. = opinor, arbitror, to be of opinion, to think, believe, suppose.(α).With acc.:(β).timeo ne aliud credam atque aliud nunties,
Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 4:quae deserta et inhospita tesqua credis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 20:fortem crede bonumque,
id. ib. 1, 9, 13:quos gravissimos sapientiae magistros aetas vetus credidit,
Quint. 12, 1, 36.— Pass.:potest... falsum aliquid pro vero credi,
Sall. C. 51, 36:origo animi caelestis creditur,
Quint. 1, 1, 1; 8, prooem. §24: Evander venerabilior divinitate creditā Carmentae matris,
Liv. 1, 7, 8.—With acc. and inf. (so most freq.):(γ).jam ego vos novisse credo, ut sit pater meus,
Plaut. Am. prol. 104:cum reliquum exercitum subsequi crederet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31: caelo tonantem credidimus Jovem Regnare. Hor. C. 3, 5, 1 et saep.:victos crederes,
one would have thought, one might have imagined, Liv. 2, 43, 9; so Curt. 4, 10, 23; cf. Zumpt, Lat. Gr. § 528.— Pass.:navis praeter creditur ire,
Lucr. 4, 389:quem (Athin) peperisse Limnate creditur,
Ov. M. 5, 49:creditus est optime dixisse,
Quint. 3, 1, 11; cf. id. 10, 2, 125 al.— Impers.:credetur abesse ab eo culpam,
Quint. 11, 1, 64:neque sine causā creditum est, stilum non minus agere cum delet,
id. 10, 4, 1 al. — So in the abl. part. pass. credito, with acc. and inf., Tac. A. 3, 14; 6, 34.—Absol.: credo inserted, like opinor, puto, etc., and the Gr. oimai, as a considerate, polite, or ironical expression of one's opinion, I believe, as I think, I suppose, I dare say, etc.:credo, misericors est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 144;so placed first,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 3; Ter. And. 2, 1, 13; Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Sull. 4, 11; Caes. B. C. 3, 70; Sall. C. 52, 13; Liv. 4, 17, 7; Hor. S. 2, 2, 90:Mulciber, credo, arma fecit,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 32; so id. Truc. 2, 5, 27; Caes. B. C. 2, 31; Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; id. Tusc. 1, 22, 52; Verg. A. 6, 368 et saep.:aut jam hic aderit, credo hercle, aut jam adest,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 74. -
10 bellum
bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—(ante-class. and poet. ), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.I.Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:II.bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]Form bellum.A.War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).1.Specifying the enemy.a.By adjj. denoting the nation:b.omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:c.Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—With cum and abl. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—With cum dependent on the verb:d.quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—With adversus and acc. of the name.(α).Attributively:(β).bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:e.ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—With contra and acc.:f.cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—With in and acc. (very rare):g. h. k.Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—2.With verbs.a.Referring to the beginning of the war.(α).Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:(β).summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:(γ).cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—Bellum differre, to postpone a war:(δ).nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):(ε).omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:(ζ).bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):(η).consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:(θ).sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:(κ).ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:(λ).Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:b.subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:b.quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:(β).bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:(γ).necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:c.bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—Referring to the end of a war.(α).Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:(β).in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:(γ).timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:d.is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—Less usual connections:3.bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—As object denoting place or time.a.Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.(α).Of the commander:(β).consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—Of persons partaking in a war:b.si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—c.In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:d.in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—Of time.(α).In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):(β).valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:(γ).ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:(δ).bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—Inter bellum (rare):4.cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—Bellum in attributive connection.a.Justum bellum.(α).A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):(β).justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):b.in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—c.Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:d.quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—Fortuna belli, the chances of war:e.adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—Belli artes, military skill:f.cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:g.in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:h.trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—B.Transf.1.Of things concr. and abstr.:2.qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—Of animals:3.milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—With individuals:4.quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—5.Personified as god of war ( = Janus):6.tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):7.permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—Battle, = proelium:8.rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —Bellum = liber de bello:quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50. -
11 cedo
1.cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n. and a. [perh. for cecado, redupl. from cado], to go, i. e. to be in motion, move, walk, go along.I.In gen.A.Lit. (rare, and only poet.: for which, in the common lang., incedo);B.candidatus cedit hic mastigia,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 10:non prorsus, verum transvorsus cedit, quasi cancer,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 45; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 74; Hor. S. 2, 1, 65.—More freq.,Trop.1.Like ire, to have some result, to eventuate, happen, result, turn out, to work; and, acc. to its connection, to turn out well or ill, to succeed or fail:2.gesta quae prospere ei cesserunt,
Nep. Timoth. 4, 6; Sall. C. 26, 5; Tac. A. 1, 28:cetera secundum eventum proelii cessura,
id. H. 3, 70; Suet. Aug. 91; Gell. 4, 5, 4:bene,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 31; Ov. M. 8, 862; Plin. Pan. 44 fin.:optime,
Quint. 10, 7, 14:male,
Hor. S. 2, 1, 31; and:male alicui,
Ov. M. 10, 80; Suet. Claud. 26; cf. Verg. A. 12, 148; Quint. 10, 2, 16:utcumque cesserit,
Curt. 7, 4, 16; cf. Suet. Calig. 53; Tac. Agr. 18:parum,
Suet. Claud. 34:opinione tardius,
id. Ner. 33:pro bono,
id. Tit. 7:in vanum (labor),
Sen. Hippol. 183. —Cedere pro aliquā re, to be equivalent to, to go for something, to be the price of:II.oves, quae non peperint, binae pro singulis in fructu cedent,
Cato, R. R. 150, 2; Col. 12, 14; Tac. G. 14; Pall. Sept. 1, 4.—In partic.A.In respect to the terminus a quo.1.To go from somewhere, to remove, withdraw, go away from, depart, retire (freq. and class.):b.cedunt de caelo corpora avium,
Enn. Ann. 96 Vahl.:quia postremus cedis,
Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 29:ego cedam atque abibo,
Cic. Mil. 34, 93:cedens carinā,
Cat. 64, 249; cf. id. 64, 53:quoquam,
Lucr. 5, 843:aliquo sucus de corpore cessit,
id. 3, 223:coma de vertice,
Cat. 66, 39:e toto corpore anima,
Lucr. 3, 210:ex ingratā civitate,
Cic. Mil. 30, 81:e patriā,
id. Phil. 10, 4, 8:patriā,
id. Mil. 25, 68:Italiā,
id. Phil. 10, 4, 8; Nep. Att. 9, 2; Tac. A. 2, 85 fin. —Milit. t. t.:c.de oppidis,
to abandon, go away from, Cic. Att. 7, 22, 2:loco,
to yield, give up his post, Nep. Chabr. 1, 2; Liv. 2, 47, 3; Tac. G. 6; Suet. Aug. 24 et saep.:ex loco,
Liv. 3, 63, 1:ex acie,
id. 2, 47, 2.—In commercial lang. t. t.: foro, to withdraw from the market, i. e. to give up business, be insolvent, stop payment, Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Sen. Ben. 4, 39, 2; Juv. 11, 50.—So also,d.Bonis or possessionibus (alicui), to give up or cede one ' s property or interest (in favor of a person):2.alicui hortorum possessione,
Cic. Mil. 27, 75; so id. Off. 2, 23, 82; cf. Suet. Tib. 10; id. Caes. 72; id. Ner. 35; id. Gram. 11.— Hence of debtors, to make over their property instead of payment; cf. Dig. 42, 3, tit. de cessione bonorum.—Pregn. (cf. abeo, II.), to pass away, disappear; and specif.,a.Of men, to die:b. c.vitā,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 35; Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:e vita,
Cic. Brut. 1, 4; Plin. Pan. 43, 4; cf.senatu,
to withdraw from, Tac. A. 2, 48; 11, 25.—Of other things: pudor ex pectore cessit, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 250, 26:3.memoriā,
Liv. 2, 33, 9 (for which:excedere memoriā,
Liv. 7, 32, 15; and:excedere e memoriā,
id. 26, 13, 5):non Turno fiducia cessit,
Verg. A. 9, 126:cedant curaeque metusque,
Stat. S. 1, 2, 26 et saep.; cf. cesso.—Trop.: cedere alicui or absol., to yield to one (to his superiority), to give the preference or precedence, give place to, submit to (class.; esp. freq. in the histt., of the weaker party, withdrawing, fleeing from).a.To yield to, give place to:b.quācumque movemur, (aër) videtur quasi locum dare et cedere,
Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83:cedebat victa potestas,
Lucr. 5, 1271:ubi vinci necesse est, expedit cedere,
Quint. 6, 4, 16; 11, 1, 17; 12, 10, 47; cf. Sall. J. 51, 1:Viriatho exercitus nostri imperatoresque cesserunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 11, 40; Nep. Ham. 1, 2; Sall. J. 51, 4; Liv. 2, 10, 7; Tac. A. 1, 56; 4, 51; Suet. Tib. 16 et saep.:Pelides cedere nescius,
Hor. C. 1, 6, 6:di, quibus ensis et ignis Cesserunt,
i. e. who remained unhurt in the destruction of Troy, Ov. M. 15, 862:eidem tempori, ejusdem furori, eisdem consulibus, eisdem minis, insidiis, periculis,
Cic. Sest. 29, 63; so,fortunae,
Sall. C. 34, 2:invidiae ingratorum civium,
Nep. Cim. 3, 2:majorum natu auctoritati,
id. Timoth. 3, 4:nocti,
Liv. 3, 17, 9, and 3, 60, 7; 4, 55, 5; cf. Quint. 5, 11, 9:loco iniquo, non hosti cessum,
Liv. 8, 38, 9:oneri,
Quint. 10, 1, 24:vincentibus vitiis,
id. 8, 3, 45:malis,
Verg. A. 6, 95 et saep.—To yield to in rank, distinction, etc., i. e. to be inferior to:c.cum tibi aetas nostra jam cederet, fascesque summitteret,
Cic. Brut. 6, 22:nullā aliā re nisi immortalitate cedens caelestibus,
id. N. D. 2, 61, 153:neque multum cedebant virtute nostris,
Caes. B. G. 2, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 36: Picenis cedunt pomis Tiburtia suco;Nam facie praestant,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 70; so,anseribus (candore),
Ov. M. 2, 539:laudibus lanificae artis,
id. ib. 6, 6;5, 529: cum in re nullā Agesilao cederet,
Nep. Chabr. 2, 3; Quint. 10, 1, 108:alicui de aliquā re,
Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 80:alicui re per aliquid,
id. 33, 3, 19, § 59.— Impers.:ut non multum Graecis cederetur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; Liv. 24, 6, 8. —To comply with the wishes, to yield to one:4.cessit auctoritati amplissimi viri vel potius paruit,
Cic. Lig. 7, 21; cf. Tac. A. 12, 5:precibus,
Cic. Planc. 4, 9:cessit tibi blandienti Cerberus,
Hor. C. 3, 11, 15;cf,
id. Ep. 1, 18, 43 sq.; Verg. A. 2, 704; 3, 188; Ov. M. 6, 32; 6, 151; 9, 13;9, 16: omnes in unum cedebant,
Tac. A. 6, 43; 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 12, 10 and 41.—Hence,Act.: cedere (alicui) aliquid = concedere, to grant, concede, allow, give up, yield, permit something to some one:B.permitto aliquid iracundiae tuae, do adulescentiae, cedo amicitiae, tribuo parenti,
Cic. Sull. 16, 46:multa multis de jure suo,
id. Off. 2, 18, 64:currum ei,
Liv. 45, 39, 2:victoriam hosti,
Just. 32, 4, 7:alicui pellicem et regnum,
id. 10, 2, 3:imperium,
id. 22, 7, 4:possessionem,
Dig. 41, 2, 1:in dando et cedendo loco,
Cic. Brut. 84, 290.—Also with a clause as object, Stat. Th. 1, 704 (but in Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 67, read credit).—And with ut and subj.:hac victoriā contenta plebes cessit patribus, ut in praesentiā tribuni crearentur, etc.,
Liv. 6, 42, 3; Tac. A. 12, 41: non cedere with quominus, Quint. 5, 7, 2.—In respect to the terminus ad quem, to arrive, attain to, come somewhere:2.cedunt, petunt,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 43:ibi ad postremum cedit miles, aes petit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 52.—Trop.:C.hoc cedere ad factum volo,
come to its execution, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 102.—Cedere alicui or in aliquem, to come to, fall ( as a possession) to one, to fall to his lot or share, [p. 308] accrue:D.ut is quaestus huic cederet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 170:captiva corpora Romanis cessere,
Liv. 31, 46, 16:nolle ominari quae captae urbi cessura forent,
id. 23, 43, 14; Verg. A. 3, 297; 3, 333; 12, 17; 12, 183; Hor. C. 3, 20, 7; Ov. M. 5, 368; 4, 533:undae cesserunt piscibus habitandae,
id. ib. 1, 74 al.:alicui in usum,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 134:Lepidi atque Antonii arma in Augustum cessere,
Tac. A. 1, 1; so id. H. 3, 83; id. Agr. 5; id. A. 2, 23:aurum ex hostibus captum in paucorum praedam cessisse,
Liv. 6, 14, 12; Curt. 7, 6, 16; Tac. A. 15, 45; for which: cedere praedae (dat.) alicujus, Liv. 43, 19, 12; and:praeda cedit alicui,
Hor. C. 3, 20, 7:ab Tullo res omnis Albana in Romanum cesserit imperium,
Liv. 1, 52, 2; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 174:in dicionem M. Antonii provinciae cesserant,
Tac. H. 5, 9.—Cedere in aliquid, like abire in aliquid (v. abeo, II.), to be changed or to pass into something, to be equivalent to or become something:2.poena in vicem fidei cesserat,
Liv. 6, 34, 2; cf.:temeritas in gloriam cesserat,
Curt. 3, 6, 18; Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 91; Tac. H. 2, 59 fin.; id. G. 36; Plin. Pan. 83, 4:in proverbium,
Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 42:in exemplorum locum,
Quint. 5, 11, 36.—Hence, * cēdenter, adv. of the part. pres. cedens (not used as P. a.), by yielding, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 16, 129.cĕdo, old imperat. form, whose contr. plur. is cette (cf. Prob. II. p. 1486 P.; Non. p. 84, 31 sq.) [compounded of the particle -ce and the root da-; v. 1. do], hither with it! here! give! tell, say (implying great haste, familiarity, authority, and so differing from praebe, dic, etc.); cf. Key, § 731.I. (α).With acc.:(β).cette manus vestras measque accipite,
Enn. Trag. 320 Vahl.:cedo aquam manibus,
give water! Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 150:puerum, Phidippe, mihi cedo: ego alam,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 86:tuam mi dexteram,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 28; so Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 84; and:cette dextras,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 4:senem,
bring hither the old man, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 7:convivas,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 101:quemvis arbitrum,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 43: eum aliquis cette in conspectum, Att. ap. Non. p. 85, 1:cedo illum,
Phaedr. 5, 2, 6.—Absol.: Al. En pateram tibi: eccam. Am. Cedo mi, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 146. —II.Esp.A.Let us hear, tell, out with it:B.age, age, cedo istuc tuom consilium: quid id est?
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 91:unum cedo auctorem tui facti, unius profer exemplum,
Cic. Verr 2, 5, 26, § 67:cedo mihi unum, qui, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 3, 12, § 29: cedo, si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cato ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21: cedo, cujum puerum hic apposuisti? dic mihi. Ter. And. 4, 4, 24; cf. Naev. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 20; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 82; Pac. ap. Non. p. 85, 6; Cic. Part. Or. 1, 3:cedo igitur, quid faciam,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 9; cf. Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 106: cedo, si conata peregit, tell how, if, etc., Juv. 13, 210; so id. 6, 504.—With dum:cedo dum, en unquam audisti, etc.?
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15.—In respect to action, cedo = fac, ut, grant that, let me:C.cedo ut bibam,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 26:cedo ut inspiciam,
id. Curc. 5, 2, 54:ego, statim, cedo, inquam si quid ab Attico,
Cic. Att. 16, 13, a, 1.—For calling attention, lo! behold! well! cedo mihi leges Atinias, Furias, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 109:cedo mihi ipsius Verris testimonium,
id. ib. 2, 1, 33, § 84; id. N. D. 1, 27, 75; cf. id. Brut. 86, 295; id. Sest. 50, 108:haec cedo ut admoveam templis, et farre litabo,
Pers. 2, 75:cedo experiamur,
App. Mag. p. 298, 14. -
12 refero
rĕ-fĕro, rettŭli (also written retuli), rĕlātum (rēlātum or rellatum, Lucr. 2, 1001), rĕferre, v. a. irr., to bear, carry, bring, draw, or give back (very freq. and class.; cf.: reduco, reporto, retraho).I.Lit.A.Ingen.: zonas, quas plenas argenti extuli, eas ex provinciā inanes rettuli, C. Gracchus ap. Gell. 15, 12 fin.:b.arma,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 25:vasa domum,
id. Poen. 4, 2, 25; cf.:pallam domum,
id. Men. 5, 7, 59; 4, 2, 97; 98; cf.:anulum ad me,
id. Cas. 2, 1, 1;and simply pallam, spinther,
id. Men. 3, 3, 16; 5, 1, 5; 5, 2, 56:secum aurum,
id. Aul. 4, 5, 4:exta,
id. Poen. 2, 44:uvidum rete sine squamoso pecu,
id. Rud. 4, 3, 5:aestus aliquem in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:Auster me ad tribulos tuos Rhegium rettulit,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 3: ut naves eodem, unde erant profectae, reterrentur, Caes. B. G. 4, 28:me referunt pedes in Tusculanum,
Cic. Att. 15, 16, B; cf.:aliquem lecticae impositum domum,
Suet. Caes. 82; and:in Palatium,
id. Vit. 16: intro referre pedem, to turn one ' s feet back, to return, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 50; cf.:incertus tuum cave ad me rettuleris pedem,
id. Ep. 3, 4, 3:caelo rettulit illa pedem,
Ov. H. 16, 88; 15, 186:fertque refertque pedes,
id. F. 6, 334 (for a different use of the phrase, v. infra B. 2.):in decimum vestigia rettulit annum (victoria),
Verg. A. 11, 290:in convivia gressum,
Sil. 11, 355:in thalamos cursum,
id. 8, 89:ad nomen caput ille refert,
turns his head, looks back, Ov. M. 3, 245:suumque Rettulit os in se,
drew back, concealed, id. ib. 2, 303:ad Tuneta rursum castra refert,
Liv. 30, 16:corpus in monumentum,
Petr. 113:relatis Lacedaemona (ossibus),
Just. 3, 3, 12:gemmam non ad os, sed ad genas,
Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 5: digitos ad os referre, to draw back (v. digitus), Quint. 11, 3, 103:digitos ad frontem saepe,
Ov. M. 15, 567:manum ad capulum,
Tac. A. 15, 58 fin.:rursus enses vaginae,
Sil. 7, 508:pecunias monumentaque, in templum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 21:caput ejus in castra,
id. B. G. 5, 58:vulneratos in locum tutum,
id. B. C. 2, 41:cornua (urorum) in publicum,
id. B. G. 6, 28:frumentum omne ad se referri jubet,
id. ib. 7, 71:signa militaria, scutum, litteras ad Caesarem,
id. ib. 7, 88; id. B. C. 3, 53; 3, 99; id. B. G. 1, 29; 5, 49:Caesaris capite relato,
id. B. C. 3, 19 fin. —Esp.: referre se, to go back, return:c.Romam se rettulit,
Cic. Fl. 21, 50:sese in castra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.:se huc,
id. ib. 2, 8, 2:domum me Ad porri catinum,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 115:sese ab Argis (Juno),
Verg. A. 7, 286:se ab aestu,
Ov. M. 14, 52; cf.:se de Britannis ovans,
Tac. A. 13, 32:causam Cleanthes offert, cur se sol referat,
Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 37.—Pass. in mid. sense, to return, arrive:d.sin reiciemur, tamen eodem paulo tardius referamur necesse est,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:classem relatam,
Verg. A. 1, 390:nunc Itali in tergum versis referuntur habenis,
Sil. 4, 317; 7, 623.—To withdraw, remove:B.fines benignitatis introrsus referre,
to narrow, Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 5:Seleucia ab mari relata,
remote, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 93. —In partic.1.To give back something due; to give up, return, restore, pay back, repay (= reddere):2.scyphos, quos utendos dedi Philodamo, rettuleritne?
Plaut. As. 2, 4, 34; cf. id. Aul. 4, 10, 29; 37; 38;and, pateram (surreptam),
Cic. Div. 1, 25, 54:argentum,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 29; so (with reddere) id. Curc. 5, 3, 45:mercedem (with reddere),
id. As. 2, 4, 35; cf.:octonis idibus aera,
to pay the money for tuition. Hor. S. 1, 6, 75 (v. idus):si non Rettuleris pannum,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 32; 1, 6, 60:verum, si plus dederis, referam,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 112.—Referre pedem or gradum, as a milit. t. t., to draw back, retire, withdraw, retreat (different from the gen. signif., to return, and the above passages):b.vulneribus defessi pedem referre coeperunt,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf.:ut paulatim cedant ac pedem referant,
id. B. C. 2, 40; Liv. 7, 33; so,referre pedem,
Caes. B. C. 1, 44 (with loco excedere); Cic. Phil. 12, 3 (opp. insistere); Liv. 3, 60 (opp. restituitur pugna);21, 8 al.— For the sake of euphony: referre gradum: cum pedes referret gradum,
Liv. 1, 14. —And, in a like sense, once mid.: a primā acie ad triarios sensim referebatur,
Liv. 8, 8, 11.—Transf., out of the milit. sphere:II. A.feroque viso retulit retro pedem (viator),
Phaedr. 2, 1, 8; cf.:viso rettulit angue pedem,
Ov. F. 2, 342; 6, 334:rettulit ille gradus horrueruntque comae,
id. ib. 2, 502:(in judiciis) instare proficientibus et ab iis, quae non adjuvant, quam mollissime pedem oportet referre,
Quint. 6, 4, 19.In gen.: (Saxum) ejulatu... Resonando mutum flebiles voces refert, Att. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.); cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:B.sonum,
id. N. D. 2, 57, 144; id. Or. 12, 38; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 201 al.:voces,
Ov. M. 12, 47; cf.:Coëamus rettulit Echo,
id. ib. 3, 387: cum ex CXXV. judicibus reus L. referret, restored to the list, i. e. retained, accepted (opp. quinque et LXX. reiceret), Cic. Planc. 17:o mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos!
Verg. A. 8, 560; cf.: tibi tempora, Hor. C. 4, 13, 13:festas luces (sae culum),
id. ib. 4, 6, 42:dies siccos (sol),
id. ib. 3, 29, 20 et saep.:hoc quidem jam periit: Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3:ad amicam meras querimonias referre,
id. Truc. 1, 2, 65:hic in suam domum ignominiam et calamitatem rettulit,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; cf.:pro re certā spem falsam domum rettulerunt,
id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:servati civis decus referre,
Tac. A. 3, 21:e cursu populari referre aspectum in curiam,
to turn back, turn towards, Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:oculos animumque ad aliquem,
id. Quint. 14, 47:animum ad studia,
id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:animum ad veritatem,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48:animum ad firmitudinem,
Tac. A. 3, 6 et saep.:multa dies variique labor mutabilis aevi Rettulit in melius,
brought to a better state, Verg. A. 11, 426:uterque se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem refert,
Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5; so,se ad philosophiam referre,
to go back, return, id. Off. 2, 1, 4:ut eo, unde digressa est, referat se oratio,
id. ib. 2, 22, 77.—In partic.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To pay back, give back, repay (syn. reddo):2.denique Par pari referto,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55; cf.:quod ab ipso adlatum est, id sibi esse relatum putet,
id. Phorm. prol. 21:ut puto, non poteris ipsa referre vicem,
pay him back in his own coin, Ov. A. A. 1, 370; Sen. Herc. Fur. 1337. — Esp. in the phrase referre gratiam (rarely gratias), to return thanks, show one ' s gratitude (by deeds), to recompense, requite (cf.:gratiam habeo): spero ego mihi quoque Tempus tale eventurum, ut tibi gratium referam parem,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 39:parem gratiam,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51:et habetur et refertur, Thais, a me ita, uti merita es, gratia,
id. ib. 4, 6, 12; cf.:meritam gratiam debitamque,
Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14:justam ac debitam gratiam,
id. Balb. 26, 59:pro eo mihi ac mereor relaturos esse gratiam,
id. Cat. 4, 2, 3; 1, 11, 28; id. Off. 2, 20, 69:fecisti ut tibi numquam referre gratiam possim,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 12; id. Most. 1, 3, 57; id. Pers. 5, 2, 71; id. Ps. 1, 3, 86; id. Rud. 5, 3, 36 al.; Cic. Lael. 15, 53; Caes. B. G. 1, 35:alicui pro ejus meritis gratiam referre,
id. ib. 5, 27 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 39; 3, 1, fin.:gratiam emeritis,
Ov. P. 1, 7, 61:gratiam factis,
id. Tr. 5, 4, 47.— Plur.:pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores ei habeantur gratiaeque referantur,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39; 10, 11, 1:dis advenientem gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27; v. gratia.—To bring back any thing; to repeat, renew, restore, = repetere, retractare, renovare, etc.:b.(Hecyram) Iterum referre,
to produce it again, Ter. Hec. prol. 7; id. ib. prol. alt. 21 and 30; cf. Hor. A. P. 179.— So, to bring up for reconsideration:rem judicatam,
Cic. Dom. 29, 78:ludunt... Dictaeos referunt Curetas,
Lucr. 2, 633:Actia pugna per pueros refertur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 62: institutum referri ac renovari, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 21, 68; cf.:consuetudo longo intervallo repetita ac relata,
id. ib. 21, 67:te illud idem, quod tum explosum et ejectum est, nunc rettulisse demiror,
Cic. Clu. 31, 86:cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint eandemque totius caeli descriptionem longis intervallis retulerint,
id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:mysteria ad quae biduo serius veneram,
id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:quasdam caerimonias ex magno intervallo,
Liv. 3, 55:antiquum morem,
Suet. Caes. 20:consuetudinem antiquam,
id. Tib. 32 et saep.:cum aditus consul idem illud responsum rettulit,
repeated, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:veterem Valeriae gentis in liberandā patriā laudem,
to restore, Cic. Fl. 1, 1:hunc morem, hos casus atque haec certamina primus Ascanius Rettulit,
Verg. A. 5, 598:O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,
id. ib. 8, 560.—To represent, set forth anew, reproduce, etc.:3.referre Naturam, mores, victum motusque parentum,
to reproduce, Lucr. 1, 597:majorum vultus vocesque comasque,
id. 4, 1221:mores, os vultusque ejus (sc. patris),
Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9:parentis sui speciem,
Liv. 10, 7; cf.:(Tellus) partim figuras Rettulit antiquas, partim nova monstra creavit,
Ov. M. 1, 437:faciem demptā pelle novam,
Tib. 1, 8, 46:temporis illius vultum,
Ov. M. 13, 443: si quis mihi parvulus aulā Luderet Aeneas, qui te tamen ore [p. 1545] referret, might represent, resemble thee, Verg. A. 4, 329; cf.:nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem,
id. ib. 12, 348:Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt,
Tac. G. 43:neque amissos colores lana refert,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 28.—To convey a report, account, intelligence, by speech or by writing; to report, announce, relate, recite, repeat, recount; to mention, allege (class.;b.in late Lat. saepissime): certorum hominum sermones referebantur ad me,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10 Orell. N. cr.:tales miserrima fletus Fertque refertque soror (sc. ad Aeneam),
Verg. A. 4, 438:pugnam referunt,
Ov. M. 12, 160:factum dictumve,
Liv. 6, 40:si quis hoc referat exemplum,
Quint. 5, 11, 8:in epistulis Cicero haec Bruti refert verba,
id. 6, 3, 20:quale refert Cicero de homine praelongo, caput eum, etc.,
id. 6, 3, 67 et saep.:quaecunque refers,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 60; 2, 1, 130:sermones deorum,
id. C. 3, 3, 71:multum referens de Maecenate,
Juv. 1, 66. —With obj.-clause, Suet. Caes. 30; Ov. M. 1, 700; 4, 796:Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere refer,
Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2 al.; cf. poet. by Greek attraction:quia rettulit Ajax Esse Jovis pronepos,
Ov. M. 13, 141; and:referre aliquid in annales,
Liv. 4, 34 fin., and 43, 13, 2:ut Proetum mulier perfida credulum Falsis impulerit criminibus, refert,
Hor. C. 3, 7, 16.— Absol.:quantum, inquam, debetis? Respondent CVI. Refero ad Scaptium,
I report, announce it to Scaptius, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12:in quo primum saepe aliter est dictum, aliter ad nos relatum,
reported, stated, id. Brut. 57, 288:(Hortensius) nullo referente, omnia adversariorum dicta meminisset,
id. ib. 88, 301:abi, quaere, et refer,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 53. —Poet. (mostly in Ovid), to repeat to one ' s self, call to mind:c.tacitāque recentia mente Visa refert,
Ov. M. 15, 27:si forte refers,
id. Am. 2, 8, 17:haec refer,
id. R. Am. 308:saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae,
id. ib. 299:mente memor refero,
id. M. 15, 451:foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae,
id. ib. 1, 165; cf.:illam meminitque refertque,
id. ib. 11, 563.—Pregn., to say in return, to rejoin, answer, reply (syn. respondeo):d.id me non ad meam defensionem attulisse, sed illorum defensioni rettulisse,
Cic. Caecin. 29, 85:ego tibi refero,
I reply to you, id. ib. 29, 85, §84: ut si esset dictum, etc., et referret aliquis Ergo, etc.,
id. Fat. 13, 30:quid a nobis autem refertur,
id. Quint. 13, 44: retices;nec mutua nostris Dicta refers,
Ov. M. 1, 656; 14, 696:Musa refert,
id. ib. 5, 337; id. F. 5, 278:Anna refert,
Verg. A. 4, 31:talia voce,
id. ib. 1, 94:pectore voces,
id. ib. 5, 409:tandem pauca refert,
id. ib. 4, 333 et saep. —Publicists' t. t.(α).To bring, convey, deliver any thing as an official report, to report, announce, notify, = renuntiare:(β).legati haec se ad suos relaturos dixerunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9; cf.:cujus orationem legati domum referunt,
id. B. C. 1, 35: responsa (legati), Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 380, 31:legationem Romam,
Liv. 7, 32:mandata ad aliquem,
Caes. B. C. 3, 57:responsa,
id. B. G. 1, 35; cf.:mandata alicui,
id. ib. 1, 37:numerum capitum ad aliquem,
id. ib. 2, 33 fin.:rumores excipere et ad aliquem referre,
Cic. Deiot. 9, 25; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 47:Ubii paucis diebus intermissis referunt, Suevos omnes, etc.,
id. ib. 6, 10; Liv. 3, 38, 12.—Ad senatum de aliquā re referre (less freq with acc., a rel.-clause, or absol.), to make a motion or proposition in the Senate; to consult, refer to, or lay before the Senate; to move, bring forward, propose: VTI L. PAVLVS C. MARCELLVS COSS... DE CONSVLARIBVS PROVINCIIS AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID PRIVS... AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID CONIVNCTVM DE EA RE REFERRETVR A CONSVLIBVS, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq.: de legibus abrogandis ad senatum referre. Cic. Cornel. 1, Fragm. 8 (p. 448 Orell.); cf.:(γ).de quo legando consules spero ad senatum relaturos,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:de ejus honore ad senatum referre,
id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:de eā re postulant uti referatur. Itaque consulente Cicerone frequens senatus decernit, etc.,
Sall. C. 48, 5, 6:rem ad senatum refert,
id. ib. 29, 1; cf.:tunc relata ex integro res ad senatum,
Liv. 21, 5:rem ad senatum,
id. 2, 22:consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui, etc.,
Sall. C. 50, 3: ut ex litteris ad senatum referretur, impetrari (a consulibus) non potuit. Referunt consules de re publicā, Caes. B. C. 1, 1; cf.:refer, inquis, ad senatum. Non referam,
Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20.—Of other bodies than the Senate (cf.: defero, fero): C. Cassium censorem de signo Concordiae dedicando ad pontificum collegium rettulisse,
Cic. Dom. 53, 136: eam rem ad consilium cum rettulisset Fabius. Liv. 24, 45, 2; 30, 4, 9:est quod referam ad consilium,
id. 30, 31, 9; 44, 2, 5; Curt. 4, 11, 10.— Per syllepsin: DE EA RE AD SENATVM POPVLVMQVE REFERRI, since referre ad populum was not used in this sense (for ferre ad populum); v. fero, and the foll. g:de hoc (sc. Eumene) Antigonus ad consilium rettulit,
Nep. Eum. 12, 1.— Transf., to make a reference, to refer (class.): de rebus et obscuris et incertis ad Apollinem censeo referendum;ad quem etiam Athenienses publice de majoribus rebus semper rettulerunt,
Cic. Div. 1, 54, 122; cf. Nep. Lys. 3; Cic. Quint. 16, 53.— Different from this is, *Referre ad populum (for denuo ferre), to propose or refer any thing anew to the people (cf. supra, II. B. 2.;e.v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1006): factum est illorum aequitate et sapientiā consulum, ut id, quod senatus decreverat, id postea referendum ad populum non arbitrarentur,
Cic. Clu. 49, 137; cf. Att. ap. Non. p. 512, 29; Liv. 22, 20; Val. Max. 8, 10, 1.—A mercantile and publicists' t. t., to note down, enter any thing in writing; to inscribe, register, record, etc.:4.cum scirem, ita indicium in tabulas publicas relatum,
Cic. Sull. 15, 42:in tabulas quodcumque commodum est,
id. Fl. 9, 20:nomen in tabulas, in codicem,
id. Rosc. Com. 1, 4:quod reliquum in commentarium,
id. Att. 7, 3, 7:quid in libellum,
id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:tuas epistulas in volumina,
i. e. to admit, id. Fam. 16, 17 init.; cf.:orationem in Origines,
id. Brut. 23, 89 al.:in reos, in proscriptos referri,
to be set down among, id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:absentem in reos,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 109; cf.:aliquem inter proscriptos,
Suet. Aug. 70:anulos quoque depositos a nobilitate, in annales relatum est,
Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 18:senatūs consulta falsa (sc. in aerarium),
enter, register, Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1; id. Phil. 5, 4, 12. —Entirely absol.:ut nec triumviri accipiundo nec scribae referundo sufficerent,
Liv. 26, 36 fin. —Here, too, belongs referre rationes or aliquid (in rationibus, ad aerarium, ad aliquem, alicui), to give, present, or render an account:rationes totidem verbis referre ad aerarium,
Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2;and rationes referre alone: in rationibus referendis... rationum referendarum jus, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 20, 1; id. Pis. 25, 61; id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77; 2, 3, 71, § 167:referre rationes publicas ad Caesarem cum fide,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20 fin.:si hanc ex fenore pecuniam populo non rettuleris, reddas societati,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167:(pecuniam) in aerarium,
Liv. 37, 57, 12; cf.: pecuniam operi publico, to charge to, i. e. to set down as applied to, Cic. Fl. 19, 44.— So, too, acceptum and in acceptum referre, to place to one ' s credit, in a lit. and trop. sense (v. accipio).— Hence, transf.: aliquem (aliquid) in numero (as above, in rationibus), in numerum, etc., to count or reckon a person or thing among:Democritus, qui imagines eorumque circuitus in deorum numero refert,
Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:(Caesar, Claudius) in deorum numerum relatus est,
Suet. Caes. 88; id. Claud. 45:Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 13, 34:nostri oratorii libri in Eundem librorum numerum referendi videntur,
id. Div. 2, 1, 4: hoc nomen in codicem relatum, id. Rosc. Com. B. and K. (al. in codice).—With inter (postAug. and freq.):ut inter deos referretur (August.),
Suet. Aug. 97:diem inter festos, nefastos,
Tac. A. 13, 41 fin.:hi tamen inter Germanos referuntur,
id. G. 46; Suet. Claud. 11; id. Tib. 53:dumque refert inter meritorum maxima, demptos Aesonis esse situs,
Ov. M. 7, 302:intellectum est, quod inter divos quoque referretur,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14:inter sidera referre,
Hyg. Fab. 192:inter praecipua crudelitatis indicia referendus,
Val. Max. 9, 2, ext. 5:inter insulas,
Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48:dicebat quasdam esse quaestiones, quae deberent inter res judicatas referri,
Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 12:eodem Q. Caepionem referrem,
I should place in the same category, Cic. Brut. 62, 223.—Referre aliquid ad aliquid, to trace back, ascribe, refer a thing to any thing:5.qui pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia referunt,
Cic. Lael. 9, 32:omnia ad igneam vim,
id. N. D. 3, 14, 35:omnia ad incolumitatem et ad libertatem suam,
id. Rep. 1, 32, 49; 1, 26, 41:in historiā quaeque ad veritatem, in poëmate pleraque ad delectationem,
id. Leg. 1, 1, 5; id. Off. 1, 16, 52 et saep. al.:hunc ipsum finem definiebas id esse, quo omnia, quae recte fierent, referrentur, neque id ipsum usquam referretur,
id. Fin. 2, 2, 5; cf.nusquam,
id. ib. 1, 9, 29:ad commonendum oratorem, quo quidque referat,
id. de Or. 1, 32, 145:hinc omne principium, huc refer exitum,
Hor. C. 3, 6, 6.— With dat.:cujus adversa pravitati ipsius, prospera ad fortunam referebat,
Tac. A. 14, 38 fin. — In Tac. once with in:quidquid ubique magnificum est, in claritatem ejus (sc. Herculis) referre consensimus,
Tac. G. 34.—Rarely of persons;as: tuum est Caesar, quid nunc mihi animi sit, ad te ipsum referre,
Cic. Deiot. 2, 7.— Absol.: ita inserere oportet referentem ad fructum, meliore genere ut sit surculus, etc., one who looks to or cares for the fruit, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6.—Culpam in aliquem referre, to throw the blame upon, accuse, hold responsible for, etc. (post-Aug.):hic, quod in adversis rebis solet fieri, alius in alium culpam referebant,
Curt. 4, 3, 7; Aug. contr. Man. 2, 17, 25 Hier. Epp. 1, 9 fin.: cf.:augere ejus, in quem referet crimen, culpam,
Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 83:causa ad matrem referebatur,
Tac. A. 6, 49:causam abscessus ad Sejani artes,
id. ib. 4, 57. -
13 accepte
ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.I.In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.a.Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):b.ex tua accepi manu pateram,
Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:c.gremio,
Verg. A. 1, 685:oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),
id. ib. 4, 531.—In gen., very freq.,(α). (β).of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—(α).To take, accept:(β).hanc epistulam accipe a me,
take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:condicionem pacis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,
after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:divitias,
Nep. Epam. 4, 3:aliquid a patre,
to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,
Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,
Verg. A. 3, 78:Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,
id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,
Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:magnifice volo summos viros accipere,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,
id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,
id. Men. 5, 1, 7:indignis acceptus modis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:II.ictus,
id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:pecuniam ob rem judicandam,
id. Verr. 1, 38:luna lumen solis accipit,
id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,
Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:calamitatem,
ib. 1, 31:detrimenta,
ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:provinciam,
id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:consulatum,
Suet. Aug. 10:Galliam,
id. Caes. 22 al.In partic.A.To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,1.To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:2.carmen auribus,
Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:voces,
Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,
Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,
as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:3.haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,
Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:B.quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,
the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:in eam partem accipio,
id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:non recte accipis,
you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,
Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:accipio agnoscoque deos,
Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):C.accipito hanc ad te litem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:D.hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:calamitatem,
id. Off. 3, 26:injuriam,
id. ib. 1, 11 al.—To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:E.Accipio,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 52:visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,
Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,
Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:F.pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,
Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:in acceptum referre alicui,
to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,
Cic. Phil. 2, 5:omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,
ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,
Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?
Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:plebi acceptus erat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13;acceptus erat in oculis,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,
Nep. Hann. 7, 3:quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 50;tempore accepto exaudivi,
Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur. -
14 accipio
ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. ( fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept.I.In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51.a.Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.):b.ex tua accepi manu pateram,
Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. pista dounai kai labein); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150;in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, —Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23:c.gremio,
Verg. A. 1, 685:oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),
id. ib. 4, 531.—In gen., very freq.,(α). (β).of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. lambanein).—(α).To take, accept:(β).hanc epistulam accipe a me,
take this letter from me, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 52; 4, 2, 26; cf. id. Ep. 3, 4, 26:persuasit aliis, ut pecuniam accipere mallent,
Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82:condicionem pacis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 15:armis obsidibusque acceptis Crassus profectus est,
after he had taken into his possession the arms and hostages, id. ib. 3, 23:divitias,
Nep. Epam. 4, 3:aliquid a patre,
to inherit, id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1:accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,
Verg. A. 3, 486 al. —Hence to receive or entertain as guest:haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,
Verg. A. 3, 78:Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,
id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al.—Of admittance to political privileges:Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,
Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35:magnifice volo summos viros accipere,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34:in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,
id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al.—Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with:ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3:hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,
id. Men. 5, 1, 7:indignis acceptus modis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).—To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009:II.ictus,
id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48:humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9:pecuniam ob rem judicandam,
id. Verr. 1, 38:luna lumen solis accipit,
id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17:praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,
Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.:acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,
Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33:calamitatem,
ib. 1, 31:detrimenta,
ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices:provinciam,
id. Fam. 2, 10, 2:consulatum,
Suet. Aug. 10:Galliam,
id. Caes. 22 al.In partic.A.To take a thing by hearing, i. e.,1.To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1:2.carmen auribus,
Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65:voces,
Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171):si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 23:quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,
Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. —Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn:urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,
as I have learned, Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.—To comprehend or understand any thing communicated:3.haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18:et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,
Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al.—With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.:B.quibus res sunt minus secundae... ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,
the more unfortunate one is, the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 15:in eam partem accipio,
id. Eun. 5, 2, 37; cf. Cic. Fam. 10, 6; id. Att. 16, 6; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 2:non recte accipis,
you put a wrong construction upon this, id. And. 2, 2, 30:quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,
Sall. C. 3, 2.— Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a ( favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. dechesthai ton oiônon), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63 fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al.—Hence poet.:accipio agnoscoque deos,
Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.—To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio):C.accipito hanc ad te litem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al.—Hence also,To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome:D.hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!
Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1:nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56:calamitatem,
id. Off. 3, 26:injuriam,
id. ib. 1, 11 al.—To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.:E.Accipio,
Ter. And. 5, 4, 48:accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 52:visa ista... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,
Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,
Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58.—In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum:F.pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,
Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side:in acceptum referre alicui,
to carry over to the credit side, to place to one's credit, Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum).—Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense:ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,
Cic. Phil. 2, 5:omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,
ascribe, id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum [p. 18] refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. —In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner:adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,
Charis. p. 207 P. al.—(Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “ Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P.—“Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1).—Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable;hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus).—First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?
Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56:plebi acceptus erat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13;acceptus erat in oculis,
Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5.—Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5:quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45:munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,
Nep. Hann. 7, 3:quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56:rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,
Cic. Phil. 13, 50;tempore accepto exaudivi,
Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2.— Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al.— Sup., see above.— Adv. accepte does not occur. -
15 re-ferō
re-ferō rettulī (not retulī), relātus (rellātus, T.), referre, to bear back, bring back, drive back, carry back: nihil domum praeter os: ut naves eodem, unde erant profectae, referrentur, Cs.: me referunt pedes in Tusculanum, i. e. I feel a strong impulse to go: in decimum vestigia rettulit annum (victoria), V.: Ad nomen caput ille refert, looks back, O.: suumque Rettulit os in se, drew back, O.: ad Tyneta rursus castra refert, L: digitos ad frontem saepe, O.: pecunias in templum, Cs.: frumentum omne ad se referri iubet, Cs.: Caesaris capite relato, Cs.: cum sanguine mixta Vina refert moriens, spits out, V.—With pron reflex., to go back, return: Romam se rettulit: sese in castra, Cs.: se ad philosophiam: domum me Ad porri catinum, H.: se ob ora Fert refertque, flits to and fro, V.: causa, cur se sol referat. — Pass reflex., to return, arrive: sin reiciemur, tamen eodem paulo tardius referamur necesse est: classem relatam Nuntio, V.: a primā acie ad triarios sensim referebantur, L.—With pedem or (rarely) gradum, to go back, draw back, retire, withdraw, retreat: volneribus defessi pedem referre coeperunt, Cs.: ut paulatim cedant ac pedem referant, Cs.: cum pedes referret gradum, L.: fertque refertque pedes, paces to and fro, O.: pedem referens, V.: Feroque viso retulit retro pedem (viator), Ph.—To give back, give up, return, restore, pay back, pay in return, repay: pateram (subreptam): Par pro pari, tit for tat, T.: Ut puto, non poteras ipsa referre vicem, O.: pannum, H.—Of sound, to bring back, give back, return, answer, echo: (Saxum) eiulata Resonando mutum flebilīs voces refert, Att. ap. C.: ex locis inclusis (soni) referuntur ampliores: referunt quem (sonum) nostra theatra, H.: ‘coëamus’ rettulit Echo, O.—Fig., to bring back, restore, renew, revive, repeat: in suam domum ignominiam: pro re certā spem falsam domum: consuetudo longo intervallo repetita ac relata: Multa labor... rettulit in melius, has improved, V.: quasdam ex magno intervallo caerimonias, L.: rem iudicatam, i. e. cause to be reconsidered: idem illud responsum, repeated, L.: veterem Valeriae gentis in liberandā patriā laudem, restore: neque amissos colores Lana refert, H.—Of the mind or look, to bring back, direct, turn: e cursu populari referre aspectum in curiam, turn towards: animum ad veritatem.—Of time, to bring back, bring again, cause to return, renew: mihi praeteritos annos, V.: Saeculo festas referente luces, H.—In the phrase, referre gratiam (rarely gratias), to return thanks, show gratitude, recompense, requite: Inveniam, parem ubi referam gratiam, a way to pay him off, T.: Et habetur et referetur tibi gratia, T.: pro eo mihi ac mereor relaturos esse gratiam: Caesari pro eius meritis gratiam referre, Cs.: gratiam factis, O.: pro tantis eorum in rem p. meritis eis gratiae referantur. —To present again, set forth anew, represent, repeat: Hecyram ad vos, T.: Actia pugna per pueros refertur, is rehearsed, H.: parentis sui speciem, L.: robora parentum liberi referunt, Ta.: (Tellus) figuras Rettulit antiquas, O.: parvulus Aeneas, qui te tamen ore referret, V.: Marsigni sermone Suevos referunt, recall, Ta.—To say in return, rejoin, answer, reply, respond: id me illorum defensioni rettulisse: ego tibi refero, I reply to you: retices, nec mutua nostris Dicta refers, O.: Anna refert, V.: Tandem pauca refert, V.—To repeat, report, announce, relate, recount, assert, tell, say: quantum, inquam, debetis? respondent CVI; refero ad Scaptium, report it: saepe aliter est dictum, aliter ad nos relatum: abi, quaere, et refer, H.: talīs miserrima fletūs Fertque refertque soror (sc. ad Aeneam), V.: pugnam referunt, O.: factum dictumve, L.: Aut agitur res in scaenis aut acta refertur, or related, H.: multum referens de Maecenate, Iu.: inveni qui se vidisse referret, O.: pugnatum (esse) in annalīs referre, L.—To repeat to oneself, call to mind, think over: tacitāque recentia mente Visa refert, O.: Haec refer, O.: Mente memor refero, O.—To make known officially, report, announce, notify: haec ad suos, Cs.: legationem Romam, L.: capitum numerus ad eum relatus est, Cs.: rumores excipere et ad se referre. —To submit for consideration, propose for decision, make a motion, offer a proposition, consult, refer, move, bring forward, propose: de consularibus provinciis ad senatum referre, lay before the senate the question of, etc.: de quo legando consules spero ad senatum relaturos: de eā re postulant uti referatur, S.: tunc relata de integro res ad senatum, L.: referunt consules de re p., Cs.: de signo dedicando ad pontificum collegium: eam rem ad consilium, L.: referre se dixit, quid de Nabidis bello placeret, put the question, L.: id postea referendum ad populum non arbitrari, should be referred again: tu non ad Lucilium rettulisti, did not consult.—To note down, enter, inscribe, register, record, enroll: ut nec triumviri accipiundo nec scribae referundo sufficerent, L.: in tabulas quodcumque commodum est: nomen in codicem accepti et expensi relatum: tuas epistulas in volumina, i. e. admit: in reos, in proscriptos referri, to be registered: senatūs consulta pecuniā acceptā falsa referebat, recorded: cum ex CXXV iudicibus reus L referret (opp. reicere), i. e. accepted.— Of accounts: rationes totidem verbis referre ad aerarium, to account to the treasury: in rationibus referendis, in accounting: relatis ad eum publicis cum fide rationibus, faithful accounts, Cs.: si hanc ex faenore pecuniam populo non rettuleris, reddas societati, account for this money to the people: (pecuniam) in aerarium, pay in, L.: pecuniam operi publico, charge as expended for a public building; cf. octonis referentes idibus aera, i. e. paying the school-fees, H.—With acceptum, to credit, see accipio.—To account, reckon, regard, consider: imagines in deorum numero: terram et caelum in deos: libri in eundem librorum numerum referendi: hi tamen inter Germanos referuntur, Ta.: refert inter meritorum maxima, demptos Aesonis esse sitūs, O.: eodem Q. Caepionem referrem, should place in the same category.—To ascribe, refer, attribute: pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia: omnia ad igneam vim: tuum est, quid mihi nunc animi sit, ad te ipsum referre: id, quo omnia, quae recte fierent, referrentur: origines suas ad deos referre auctores, L.: Hinc omne principium, huc refer exitum, H.: eius, in quem referet crimen, culpa: alius in alium culpam referebant, imputed, Cu. -
16 fidēs
fidēs gen. (rare), usu. fidē (H., O.), once fidēī (Enn. ap. C.), once fidei (disyl., T.); dat. fidē, S., H., fidei (disyl., T.), f [1 FID-], trust, faith, confidence, reliance, credence, belief: si visis fides non est habenda: alcui summam omnium rerum fidem habere, Cs.: habebunt verba fidem, si, etc., find acceptance, H.: testimonio fidem tribuere: ubi prima fides pelago, as soon as they can trust, V.: orationi adfert fidem: fidem facit oratio, commands belief: aliquamdiu fides fieri non poterat, Cs.: vati Si qua fides, may be believed, V.: omnibus abrogatur fides: imminuit orationis fidem: Multa fidem promissa levant, H.: addat fidem, give credence, Ta.: fac fidem, te nihil quaerere, etc., evince: fides mi apud hunc est, nil me istius facturum, T.—In business, credit: cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior, Cs.: fides de foro sublata erat: fidem abrogare, L.: fides deficere coepit: nisi fide staret res p., opibus non staturam, L.: quorum res fidesque in manibus sitae erant, i. e. entire resources, S.—Meton., trustworthiness, faithfulness, conscientiousness, credibility, honesty, truth, good faith: fundamentum iustitiae est fides: fide vestrā fretus: homo antiquā virtute ac fide, T.: prisca, V.: homo sine fide: hinc fides, illinc fraudatio: regni: in fide manere, Cs.: Ubii experimento fidei conlocati, because of their tried fidelity, Ta.: praestare fidem: prodere, S.: mutare, S.: de pace cum fide agere, L.: periura patris, perjured faith, H.: omnem tabularum fidem resignare, credibility: fides eius rei penes auctores erit, S.: maiora fide gessit, beyond belief, O.: segetis certa fides meae, faithfulness (in production), H.— Fulfilment, faithfulness (to a promise): Dicta fides sequitur, O.: promissa Exhibuere fidem, were fulfilled, O.: en haec promissa fides est? the fulfilment of the oracle? V.—In the legal phrase, ex bonā fide, or ex fide bonā, in good faith, with sincerity, without guile ; cf. mala fides, deception, dishonesty.—Praegn., a promise, engagement, word, assurance, confirmation: fidem hosti datam fallere: inter se fidem dare, Cs.: obligare fidem vobis, plight one's faith: fidem servare, Cs.: fides iuris iurandi cum hoste servanda: fidem suam liberare, perform his promise: fidem exsolvere, L.: fidem amittere, N.: istius fide ac potius perfidiā decepti: quantum mea fides studii mihi adferat, plighted word: contioni deinde edicto addidit fidem, confirmed, L.: fide rerum tradere, with accurate knowledge, Ta.— A promise of protection, pledge of safety, safe-conduct, assurance, guaranty, protection, guardian care: fidem ei publicam iussu senatūs dedi: si fides publica data esset, S.: privatim praeterea fidem suam interponit, S.: fide acceptā a legatis, vim abfuturam, L.: quaere in cuius fide sint: in fidem Achaeorum castella tradere, L.: in alicuius fidem ac potestatem venire, Cs.: civitas in Catonis fide locata: alqm in fidem suam recipere: iura fidemque Supplicis erubuit (Achilles), due to a suppliant, V.: deūm atque hominum fidem implorabis.— Ellipt., in exclamations: Di vostram fidem! by the protection of the gods! for heaven's sake! T.: pro deūm fidem, T.: pro deorum atque hominum fidem.—Person., Faith, Truth: Fidem violare: Cana, V.: albo rara Fides Velata panno, H.* * *Ifaith, loyalty; honesty; credit; confidence, trust, belief; good faithIIchord, instrument string; constellation Lyra; stringed instrument (pl.); lyre -
17 rescribo
rē-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a.I. A.In gen.:B.antemeridianis tuis litteris heri statim rescripsi: nunc respondeo vespertinis,
Cic. Att. 13, 23, 1; so,cui rei,
id. ib. 5, 12, 3; 13, 21, 1; cf.:litterae mihi redditae sunt a Pompeio... ei statim rescripsi, non me quaerere, etc.,
id. ib. 8, 1, 2:ad eam (epistulam) rescribam igitur,
id. ib. 4, 16, 1:ad litteras,
id. ib. 14, 21, 1:ad ea, quae requisieras,
id. ib. 12, 21; cf.:tibi ad ea quae quaeris,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 2:ad Trebatium,
id. Att. 7, 17, 4:Pompeius rescripserat, sese, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 1, 19:tibi meam (epistulam), quam ad eum rescripseram, misi,
Cic. Att. 13, 6, 3:debes hoc etiam rescribere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 30: rescribere veteribus orationibus, to write against, reply to, antigraphein, Quint. 10, 5, 20; so,orationibus,
Suet. Caes. 73:oratorum actionibus,
id. Calig. 53:cujus libris de Orthographiā,
id. Gram. 19; cf.:rescripta Bruto de Catone,
id. Aug. 85:nil mihi rescribas,
Ov. H. 1, 2:non rescribendi gloria visa levis,
id. ib. 17, 2:orationem,
Tac. A. 4, 34 (in Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3, descriptos is the true read.).—In partic.1.Polit. and jurid. t. t., of emperors or lawyers, to answer in writing a petition or legal question; to give a rescript or a judicial decision:2.Tiberio pro cliente Graeco petenti rescripsit (Augustus), non aliter se daturum quam si, etc.,
Suet. Aug. 40; 45; 51; id. Tib. 30; 32; id. Claud. 5; id. Ner. 40; Dig. 1, 16, 4 fin.; ib. 18, 1, 71 al.— Hence, rēscriptum, i, n., subst., an imperial rescript, Tac. A. 6, 15 (9):quaesitum est, an adversus rescriptum principis provocari possit,
Dig. 49, 1, 1:quod et Herennio Modestino studioso meo de Dalmatiā consulenti rescripsi,
ib. 47, 2, 53, § 20; 40, 4, 46; 40, 7, 29 al.—In account-books, to make an entry per contra; to place to one ' s credit; hence, i. q. to pay back, repay:II.illud mihi Argentum rursum jube rescribi,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 29; Plaut. As. 2, 4, 34:qui de residuis CCCC. HS. CC. praesentia solverimus, reliqua rescribamus,
will place to his credit, will pay hereafter, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1:dictantis, quod tu numquam rescribere possis,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 76:Darios,
Aus. Ep. 5, 23.—To write over again, write anew (not anteAug.): Pollio Asinius parum diligenter compositos putat (Caesaris commentarios), existimatque rescripturum et correcturum fuisse, i. e. to revise (syn. retractare), Suet. Caes. 56:2.actiones,
Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 7; cf. id. ib. 7, 9, 5; 8, 21, 6.—In partic., in milit. lang., to enroll anew, to re-enlist:3.rescriptae ex eodem milite novae legiones,
Liv. 9, 10.—In milit. lang., to transfer from one kind of troops to another:Caesarem decimam legionem ad equum rescribere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 42 fin. -
18 imputo
impŭto ( inp-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [inputo], to bring into the reckoning, enter into the account, to reckon, charge (not ante-Aug.; cf. deputo).I.Lit.:II.vilici servi longe plus imputant seminis jacti quam quod severint,
Col. 1, 7 fin.:sumptus alicui... viatica et vecturas,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 15:in quartam hereditatis imputantur res, quas jure hereditario capit,
ib. 35, 2, 90:haec in numerum trium tutelarum,
ib. 23, 2, 61.—Trop., to enter into the account, to reckon, attribute as a merit or a fault to one's self or another; to make a boast of, to credit to, to charge, ascribe, impute to (for the Ciceron. assignare, ascribere): fatum dies imputat, Sen. de Ira, 3, 42; cf. Mart. 5, 20, 13:hoc non imputo in solutum,
Sen. Ep. 8 fin.:gaudent muneribus, sed nec data imputant, nec acceptis obligantur,
Tac. G. 21:noli imputare vanum beneficium mihi,
Phaedr. 1, 22, 8; cf. Sen. Tranq. 6:huic (Masinissae) imputari victum Hannibalem, huic captum Syphacem, huic Carthaginem deletam,
Just. 38, 6:alii transeunt quaedam imputantque quod transeant,
Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 4; cf. Suet. Tib. 53:ipsum sibi eripere tot beneficiorum occasiones, tam numerosam obligandi imputandique materiam,
Plin. Pan. 39, 3; so absol.:cum quidam crimen ultro faterentur, nonnulli etiam imputarent,
made a merit of it, Suet. Ner. 36: saevit enim natumque objectat et imputat illis, charges upon them ( his son ' s fate), Ov. M. 2, 400:mortem senioribus imputat annis,
id. ib. 15, 470:rebellandi tempus Atheniensibus,
Vell. 2, 23, 4:an ei caedes imputanda sit, a quo jurgium coepit?
Quint. 5, 10, 72:suum exsilium rei publicae imputaturus,
Sen. Ep. 86:prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur,
Tac. Agr. 27:alicui moras belli aut causas rebellandi,
id. ib. 34; id. H. 4, 14 fin.:culpam nostram illi,
Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 2:et tibi scilicet, qui requisisti, imputabis, si digna ne epistula quidem videbuntur,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20 fin.:sibi imputent cur minus idoneum fidejussorem acceperint,
Dig. 42, 7, 1:imputet ipse deus nectar mihi, fiet acetum,
may assign, give, Mart. 12, 48, 13:otia parva nobis,
id. 4, 83, 2:hoc solum erit certamen, quis mihi plurimum imputet,
Tac. H. 1, 38. -
19 inputo
impŭto ( inp-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [inputo], to bring into the reckoning, enter into the account, to reckon, charge (not ante-Aug.; cf. deputo).I.Lit.:II.vilici servi longe plus imputant seminis jacti quam quod severint,
Col. 1, 7 fin.:sumptus alicui... viatica et vecturas,
Dig. 17, 2, 52, § 15:in quartam hereditatis imputantur res, quas jure hereditario capit,
ib. 35, 2, 90:haec in numerum trium tutelarum,
ib. 23, 2, 61.—Trop., to enter into the account, to reckon, attribute as a merit or a fault to one's self or another; to make a boast of, to credit to, to charge, ascribe, impute to (for the Ciceron. assignare, ascribere): fatum dies imputat, Sen. de Ira, 3, 42; cf. Mart. 5, 20, 13:hoc non imputo in solutum,
Sen. Ep. 8 fin.:gaudent muneribus, sed nec data imputant, nec acceptis obligantur,
Tac. G. 21:noli imputare vanum beneficium mihi,
Phaedr. 1, 22, 8; cf. Sen. Tranq. 6:huic (Masinissae) imputari victum Hannibalem, huic captum Syphacem, huic Carthaginem deletam,
Just. 38, 6:alii transeunt quaedam imputantque quod transeant,
Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 4; cf. Suet. Tib. 53:ipsum sibi eripere tot beneficiorum occasiones, tam numerosam obligandi imputandique materiam,
Plin. Pan. 39, 3; so absol.:cum quidam crimen ultro faterentur, nonnulli etiam imputarent,
made a merit of it, Suet. Ner. 36: saevit enim natumque objectat et imputat illis, charges upon them ( his son ' s fate), Ov. M. 2, 400:mortem senioribus imputat annis,
id. ib. 15, 470:rebellandi tempus Atheniensibus,
Vell. 2, 23, 4:an ei caedes imputanda sit, a quo jurgium coepit?
Quint. 5, 10, 72:suum exsilium rei publicae imputaturus,
Sen. Ep. 86:prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur,
Tac. Agr. 27:alicui moras belli aut causas rebellandi,
id. ib. 34; id. H. 4, 14 fin.:culpam nostram illi,
Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 2:et tibi scilicet, qui requisisti, imputabis, si digna ne epistula quidem videbuntur,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20 fin.:sibi imputent cur minus idoneum fidejussorem acceperint,
Dig. 42, 7, 1:imputet ipse deus nectar mihi, fiet acetum,
may assign, give, Mart. 12, 48, 13:otia parva nobis,
id. 4, 83, 2:hoc solum erit certamen, quis mihi plurimum imputet,
Tac. H. 1, 38.
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